Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

plastics is 一项伟 large chemical material 发明, difficult separation understanding features, also full 球出现 plastics products “消化病”, micro plastics waste material in recent years for ring 境 污染 more is let 人触目惊心.
　　 France research design types 酶, can has separation understanding Common types plastics 形式—— terephthalic acid ester (PET). this process in, can will 90% same plastics 转化回 its raw materials. reaction most 终结果 is can heavy use, manufacturing new plastics bottle Raw Materials.
　　 research 人员们 table/sheet 示, positive in expand large technology 规模, 并于明 year 开设示范 factory. if use formed 功 话, it can 帮助社会 solution 我们面临 颇 tool property plastics issues 之一.
　　3 month 8 day, related 论文以“An engineered PET depolymerase to break down and recycle plastic bottles” is table/sheet in new 一期《Nature》 upper, 以封面文章 形式出现.
　　“ this is toward front 迈出 一 large 步, ”朴茨茅斯 large 学(University of Portsmouth) negative innovation in 心 约翰·麦基汉(John McGeehan) evaluation 道. 《Science》杂志 more is 以“‘A huge step forward.’ Mutant enzyme could vastly improve recycling of plastic bottles”进行 related 报道.
　　 year output/production volume 7000 10,000 tons PET plastics
　　 terephthalic acid ester (PET) is world upper commonly used plastics 之一, year production amount 约达7,000 10,000 tons. PET has multiple applications, tool has very high tensile strength film (以 polyester film market sales). it applications also is plastics material bottle —— this is ring plastics waste material main/primary formed separation. PET most is in 1940 year development. to 2016 year, 科学家们发现 第一 can separation understanding utilizing PET in carbon active material 体, it in plastics recycling 设施附近 沉积 material in.
　　尽 tube/pipe this micro material can solution plastics waste material issues, due to PET carbon most by full separation understanding, it method make plastics more tool sustainable property. this 意味 必 must provide new material replace loss bad PET container, currently this container main/primary is 自石化 product material.
　　PET is oxygen and carbon 原子连接 carbon ring long combined. is 以允许 recycling methods will its separation understanding, this carbon - oxygen has by bad, a large amount of ring, rear can will its heavy new 连接. currently positive in 消化PET micro material 也会破 bad ring, make its combined recycling. 以往, recycling company usually most mixed combined use multiple different color plastics. rear, use high temperature will its melt 化, production color or black plastics raw materials, therefore very less has company use it packaging product. 取而代之 is, this type of material usually formed carpet or other low grade plastics fiber, most most by or 焚化.
　　但 is, 科学家 already 经发现 many can bad PET连接 酶. this tool has bad surface wax coating function, is “角质”(make this formed is 角质酶). this is new as provide 起始材 material. 首先, research 人员参 add 一组角质酶并 testing separation understanding PET active property. active property high is 堆肥堆(by is “叶枝堆肥角质酶(leaf-branch compost cutinase)”), 2012 year large large research in in 发现 一 types this 样 酶. it can 切断PET 两 构 parts: for 苯二甲 acid ester and ethylene glycol between 键. is LLC演变 formed can bad many material upper wax 状保护层 features, it can slow bad PET键, rear in 65°C(PET开始 soft temperature degree) lower use rear 就破裂.
　　PET plastics separation understanding 之困
　　尽 tube/pipe has PET都 tool has same chemical 式, 但该材 material can solid is types 形式: 紧密堆积 crystallization 形式, and comparison dispersion, 无序 形式. large more 数由PET made formed material tool has this types 形式, meanwhile manufacturing adjustment content ratio/proportion, from made formed versus material features plastics.
　　 however, crystallization 形式 紧密堆积, make make has 效 酶也 difficult 以消化 this plastics. is, has local solutions: add hot 任何形式 PET, 都会导致 certain crystallization PET熔化 formed 无序形式, from make more more PET 以消化.
　　不, this also new issues, is 酶本身经常 melt 化, in 65°C or 150°F above temperature degree lower active. in addition, this separation understanding formed different polymer, therefore can in PET upper can very good function.
　　 is make in PET upper more good function, sustainable plastics company Carbios 首席科学官Alain Marty and 图卢兹 large??学 酶 engineering expert Isabelle Andre combined as. 他们首先 analysis 角质酶 structure 并进行 chemical 模拟, 以弄清PET and 酶发生 versus function “ active property 位点”. 他们发现 it combined surface upper 凹槽, its in can 切割PET 位置.
　　 is improvement PET in 该凹槽 in combined degree, research 人员创建 一 large 批突变 type 酶, different combined 改变 凹槽 internal 每 氨基 acid. tube/pipe its in large more 数几乎消 remove active property, 但实际 upper has improve/increase active property, used for 进一步 research.
　　第二 issues is resistant high temperature can force issues. 结果, research 人员找 to 线索: many is through and types metal versus function stability, this type of metal will 酶 两 部 separation solid in 一起. is, from most 初 酶版本开始, research design 两 氨基 acid, can in this 两 部 separation between formed chemical 键(二硫键). this 一版本 酶, in high temperature lower ratio 原始版本 more stability.
　　 research generate types 突变酶, it 们改变 结 combined 位点 氨基 acid add heat stabilized 酶. rear, in fine in a large amount of generate 突变体, for its 进行 筛选, to has PET破胶 agent. heavy process rear, separation 离出一 types 突变酶, this type of PET键 fracture efficiency ratio 天然LLC high 10,000倍. it can in bad PET熔 melt temperature degree 72°C conditions lower as.
　　 through combined has this 变化, research engineering 化出四 types heavy 变体(ICCG, ICCM, WCCG and WCCM), it tool has versus or high 于野生 type LCC ratio active property, melt temperature degree versus for improve/increase. in understanding poly experiment/testing 结果发现, ICCG and WCCG rate high, separation in 20 small and 15 small 时 时候, to 82% and 85%.
　　一 types high also solution/scheme
　　 has this type of PET 源, 原始酶 can in 20 small inner large semi. research 团队做出 good 修改版, 需15 small can to 85% separation understanding rate. but also 进一步 optimization conditions rear, can in 10 small inner to 90% PET separation understanding rate.
　　尽 tube/pipe still has 一 残留 crystallization PET, 但他们发现 this can absorption 1000公斤 PET waste material, rear from in production 863公斤 raw materials. 换句话说, heavy new design 酶, in 消化PET方面 ratio 人体 消化酶 in separation understanding powder more has 效.
　　然 rear, use this type of Raw Materials through standards industrial reaction manufacturing new PET product. new product resistant pressure can force ratio standards chemical PET测 value low 5%. appearance upper, it is production PET 10%以 inner.
　　 and use raw materials made as versus ratio, use recycled PET cost is how much? as 者估计, if this type of 蛋白质 production cost is 每公斤25美元, that process cost most will is use its made formed PET cost 4%. tube/pipe this can can 不像石化 product that 么便宜(especially is in 油价暴跌之 rear), it will versus for day rear price impact effect/influence, and more tool sustainable property.