Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

polyamide (PA) （PA） force property can excellent 良, easy processing corrosion resistant, widely used in automotive, and other field/area . PA can material degradation, PA6 is waste 弃渔网约占海洋 waste plastics 10%, formed heavy 污染. waste PA recycling main/primary has can amount recycling, material recycling and chemical recycling types 途径, can amount recycling can low, carbon high, chemical recycling cost high difficult 推广, material recycling application most 广, again production product quality and add value low, add new material and additives improves property can.

automotive 导流罩支架 more using/adopting pressure sheet/plate or aluminum and other metal 材质, is achieve light amount 化, 本文提出 composite/compounding material solution/scheme: through material blending will rear polyamide (PA) （PCR‐PA6） and new material polyamide (PA) （VPA6）按不 year-on-year mixed combined, melt, extrusion, pellet cutting, testing analysis material property can 变化, 筛选适配配 ratio 并验证, is PCR‐PA6 in automotive product in again utilizing provide can solution/scheme and data 支撑.

1

实验部 separation

1.1

main/primary raw materials

PA6, HY‐2500A, 江苏海 cationic has company;

PCR‐PA6, L.B.NLB007A, 阜宁锦宇塑业 has company;

glass fiber, T435, glass fiber has company;

antioxidant, retardant type antioxidant and acid ester type 1098 and 168 mixed combined material, 市售;

紫 outer absorption agent and light stabilizer, 苯并三唑 type UV‐234 and retardant amine type UV‐944 mixed combined material, 市售;

demolding agent, ethylene ‐ acrylic copolymer AC‐540A, USA Honeywell company.

1.2

main/primary equipment and device

di screw extrusion machine, TE65, 南京科亚 company;

plastics injection molding machine, HTF90 W1, 宁波海天塑 machine group has company;

拉 force experiment/testing machine, LJ series, 河北承德 experiment/testing machine 总厂;

摆锤 impact experiment/testing machine, HIT25P, Zwick company;

hot deformation 维卡测定仪, 40‐197‐100, COESFELD company;

差示扫描 amount hot 仪（DSC）, DSC3, METTLER TOLEDO company;

步入式 temperature wet degree experiment/testing 箱, AZTH9U, Shanghai increase 达科技 corporation has company;

high temperature experiment/testing 箱, AZHEAT3, Shanghai increase 达科技 corporation has company;

氘灯 aging test machine, Ci4400, USA ATLAS company; standards light 源箱, Judge QC, USA color company.

1.3

sample made 备

will VPA6, PCR‐PA6 and modified additives according to quality ratio/proportion mixed combined uniform add di screw extrusion machine material 口, will glass fiber according to quality ratio/proportion add 入侧喂 material 口, melt blending extrusion pelletizing made separation is 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 50 %, 67.5 % 6 types recycled content 30 % glass fiber reinforcement PA6 基 composite/compounding material （PA6‐GF30） modified plastics pellets. will PA6‐GF30 modified plastics pellets in 100 ℃ lower drying 4 h rear, injection molding machine in injection molding formed Sample strip/profile, 1~3 段 temperature degree setting is 225, 260, 270 ℃, mold temperature degree is 100 ℃, injection molding pressure is 100~160 MPa. 6 types mixed combined recycled material formulation table/sheet 1 示.

1.4

property can testing and structure table/sheet 征

toward upper more more

结果 and 讨论

02

2.1

tensile property can analysis

from 图 1 can 看出, PCR‐PA6 content is 0 时（配 ratio A）, material tensile strength is 189 MPa, tensile modulus is 9980 MPa, fracture elongation is 3.3 %. PCR‐PA6 content improves, material tensile force property can overall decline trend, PCR‐PA6 content ultra- 20 % 时, material property can relatively new material versus for large. add ratio/proportion ultra- 30 % 时, material tensile force property can decline obvious, PCR‐PA6 content is 67.5 % 时（配 ratio F）, modified plastics in plastics full is PCR 材质, 此时材 material tensile strength is 161 MPa, tensile modulus is 9460 MPa, fracture elongation is 2.8 %, versus ratio ratio A, tensile strength decline 14.81 %, tensile modulus decline 5.21 %, fracture elongation decline 15.15 %, this main/primary is due to PCR‐PA6 in 服役期间 use, and light, hot, water, oxygen and other factors function lower, generate complex degradation, crosslinked and other aging reaction, material comprehensive property can decline, PCR‐PA6 添 add content improve/increase effect/influence more is obvious.

versus for 而言, material tensile strength and fracture elongation decline relatively more, tensile modulus decline relatively less, this can can is due to modified plastics in glass fiber add ratio/proportion and orientation, and glass fiber and plastics interface combined force for material elastic property modulus to function 导致 .

图1 PCR‐PA6 content for PA6‐GF30 tensile property can effect/influence

2.2

bending property can analysis

from 图 2 can 看出, PCR‐PA6 content is 0 时（配 ratio A）, material flexural strength is 259 MPa, flexural modulus is 8530 MPa. PCR‐PA6 content improves, material flexural strength decline trend, upper material flexural modulus 也应呈 decline trend, testing data 显示出现先 decline rear rise high phenomenon, PCR‐PA6 content is 30 %（配 ratio D）时, material flexural modulus most low, versus ratio ratio A decline has 1.99 %, 考虑此 property can can can is in pelletizing, injection molding or testing step/link in 波动导致. PCR‐PA6 content is 67.5 %（配 ratio F）时, material flexural strength is 221 MPa, flexural modulus is 8480 MPa, versus ratio ratio A, flexural strength decline 14.67 %, flexural modulus decline 0.59 %.

图 2 PCR‐PA6 content for PA6‐GF30 bending property can effect/influence

2.3

impact property can analysis

impact resistant as is evaluation plastics tough property core testing 手段, by used for degree amount material in high speed 撞击状态 lower for fracture resistant can force, can is automotive in impact 载荷工况时 失效 causes provide analysis based on [16]. from 图 3 can 看出, PCR‐PA6 content is 0 时（配 ratio A）, material 简支梁 notched impact strength is 12 kJ/m², low temperature 简支梁 notched impact strength is 9.4 kJ/m². PCR‐PA6 content improves, material impact property can overall decline trend, PCR‐PA6 content ultra- 20 % 时, material property can relatively new material versus for large, 例如配 ratio C material 简支梁 notched impact strength and low temperature 简支梁 notched impact strength separation is 12 kJ/m² and 9 kJ/m², versus ratio ratio A, 简支梁 notched impact strength 不变, low temperature 简支梁 notched impact strength decline 4.26 %. PCR‐PA6 content is 67.5 % 时（配 ratio F）, 简支梁 notched impact strength is 9 kJ/m², low temperature 简支梁 notched impact strength is 6.6 kJ/m², versus ratio ratio A, 简支梁 notched impact strength decline 25.00 %, low temperature 简支梁 notched impact strength decline 29.79 %, decline obvious.

图 3 PCR‐PA6 content for PA6‐GF30 impact property can effect/influence

2.4

thermal properties analysis

from 图 4 can 看出, PCR‐PA6 content improves, material thermal properties 变化不 large, PCR‐PA6 content is 0 时（配 ratio A）, material melting point and heat deflection temperature (HDT) separation is 221 ℃ and 205 ℃, PCR‐PA6 content is 67.5 % 时（配 ratio F）, material melting point and heat deflection temperature (HDT) separation is 220 ℃ and 202 ℃, decline ratio/proportion separation is 1.46 % and 0.45 %, can PCR‐PA6 add for PA6‐GF30 modified plastics melting point and heat deflection temperature (HDT) effect/influence large.

图 4 PCR‐PA6 content for PA6‐GF30 thermal properties effect/influence

2.5

parts design and true analysis

due to recycled plastics add 入, 导致材 material property can decline, need add 入改良 additives modified, amount additives increase material cost, therefore according to use demand selection combined PCR plastics ratio. according to automotive 导流罩支架 property can related standards, selection has 20 % PCR‐PA6 PA6‐GF30 recycled plastics as is raw materials, structure design through hypermesh soft parts has 限元建模, 如图 5 示.

图5　导流罩支架 structure and has 限元模 type

structure has 4 螺栓 assembly 点, inner has made sleeve/set, through assembly achieve 导流罩 and 驾驶室车身连接. using/adopting 6×6 housing/shell mono 元网格划 separation, 螺栓连接部位 using/adopting bolt methods, type mono 元 524 万. for type 各部位赋予材 material property, according to design requirements add and setting, CAE strong/high degree true analysis, force distribution 如图 6 示.

图6 CAE strong/high degree has analysis 结果

according to true analysis can 知, made 动, toward impact, toward and ESC conditions lower 导流罩支架 most large force separation is 1.9, 3.3, 2.7, 15.3 MPa, meet/satisfy design requirements.

2.6

parts property can analysis

using/adopting upper material and solution/scheme made 备导流罩支架样 parts, 并进行 low temperature impact, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, resistant cold hot 交变, chemical resistant 介质, lightfast aging and other experiment/testing, experiment/testing 结果显示均 meet/satisfy design requirements, table/sheet 2 示.

table/sheet 2 导流罩支架 parts property can 实验结果

2.7

搭载整车 property can analysis

will 两 导流罩支架样 parts left right for 称安装 in certain heavy type upper, through M8 螺栓 solid in 驾驶室车身, 另一端 through M8 螺栓 solid in 导流罩 upper, 如图 7 示.

图 7 导流罩支架样 parts 装车

will add design requirements 载荷 49000 kg, in cationic experiment/testing 场开展 comprehensive resistant experiment/testing, experiment/testing process 包含石 block, 卵石, 扭曲路, sheet/plate and 连接路, 各路面 long degree and ratio/proportion table/sheet 3 示. 车辆沿连接路进入 comprehensive 路, 以 50 km/h 行驶至接近卵石路时, made decrease speed 至 20 km/h, speed through 卵石路. accelerated to 40 km/h, 接近扭曲路时 made decrease speed 至 10 km/h, 以 8~10 km/h through 扭曲路. accelerated 以 50~60 km/h speed degree belt/tape degree sheet/plate 路, accelerated through rear, again 以 60~70 km/h speed degree 进入错位搓 sheet/plate 路, 松油门 through. 接近卵石路时 made decrease speed 至 20 km/h, 以 20 km/h speed degree again through 卵石路, accelerated 至 40 km/h, 当接近扭曲路时, made decrease speed 至 10 km/h, 以 8~10 km/h again through 扭曲路, rear 进入石 block 路, 弯道 20 km/h, 直道 25 km/h, above is 一 循 ring. 经 7500 km comprehensive experiment/testing 验证, table/sheet 明导流罩支架 appearance good, obvious defect, can meet/satisfy use lifespan requirements.

table/sheet 3 各路段 long degree and ratio/proportion

结论

03

(1) recycled poly caprolactam （PCR‐PA6） content improves, 30 % glass fiber reinforcement poly caprolactam composite/compounding material （PA6‐GF30） 各项 property can overall decline trend, versus for PCR‐PA6 占 ratio ultra- 20 % 时材 material property can relatively small. from material property can degree 看, material tensile strength, fracture elongation, flexural strength, impact strong/high degree decline degree relatively is obvious, material tensile modulus, flexural modulus, melting point and heat deflection temperature (HDT) decline degree relatively small;

(2) selection has 20 % PCR‐PA6 PA6‐GF30 材 material made 备导流罩支架样 parts, 经 零部 parts and 整车实验验证, meet/satisfy property can requirements. PCR‐PA6 modified rear tool used for automotive parts can property, is PA6 循 ring again utilizing provide application and 参考.