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material selection 进阶: how to 兼顾 plastics strong/high degree and tough property? （附118 types polymer impact tough property indicators ）
upper 次我们 discussion plastics strong/high degree and fracture strong/high degree, large hot 烈讨论. plastics tensile fracture strong/high degree how to testing? （ inner 附142 types plastics tensile fracture strong/high degree value table/sheet ） how to utilizing strong/high degree is engineering for plastics? （ inner 附150 types plastics tensile strength value table/sheet ）
今天我们就 目 light toward 另一 关乎 product safety and can property key/critical property can —— tough property .
it amount is material in impact, and other 突然受 force 时, absorption can amount, resistant fracture comprehensive can force. for/regarding need 承受动态载荷 部 parts （如 automotive inner 饰, electronics outer housing/shell, tool 手柄）而言, tough property is material selection can overlook indicators.
本文 will system introduction plastics tough property core concept, effect/influence factors, and key/critical testing methods （如Izod and Charpy impact experiment/testing ）, 帮助你 in design in more can 靠 材 material selection.
what is tough property?
tough property is material in outer force function lower can resistant fracture also can resistant deformation can force. it and other 效于材 material force -应变曲线 lower 面积, 面积越 large table/sheet material tool has high tough property. need tool high toughness, material must meanwhile tool has good strong/high degree and property .
hardness, tough property and strong/high degree between difference?
in day 常语言 in, “ hardness ”, “ tough property ” and “ strong/high degree ”常 by mixed use, in material field/area, is in 一定关联, also full different material property can, core difference lower:
hardness : 描述材 material in scratch lower resistant surface deformation can force.
strong/high degree : table/sheet material in 发生屈服 or fracture front can most large 载荷.
tough property : is material in force resistant fracture, absorption can amount can force.
polymer tough property how to 变化?
polymer tough property or impact resistant property can to multiple factors effect/influence, 包括:
separation structure
ring temperature degree
应 force add methods
generally 说, more “橡胶状” 材 material tool has more high fracture elongation and more good impact resistant property can, its overall rigid property usually relatively low.
effect/influence plastics tough property factors
main/primary has below/following 几点:
crystallization degree : crystallization degree high, material hard, versus for tough property can can reduce.
temperature degree : in property -脆 property temperature degree, temperature degree 变化会 significantly effect/influence tough property performance.
long 链支化: long 链支化 can improve/increase polymer tough property.
how to amount plastics tough property?
plastics tough property usually through impact experiment/testing 测定, material in property deformation process in absorption can amount can force. impact experiment/testing 结果代 table/sheet material tough property or impact strong/high degree, 反映材 material property or tough property.
impact experiment/testing generally use types methods table/sheet 示:
absorption can amount amount （ mono 位: N·m or J）
absorption can amount mono 位截面积（ mono 位: N·m/cm² or J/m²）
impact experiment/testing main/primary used for:
测 amount material cracks expand 展 需 can amount
in development stage/phase material selection material impact resistant property can
确定材 material in automotive and other industrial application in suitable property
impact experiment/testing type type
测定 tough property types most Common methods is: 伊佐德（Izod） experiment/testing and ratio （Charpy） experiment/testing.
this experiment/testing has 一 共同 basic principle:
use high speed impact 载荷施 add force
测 amount sample impact 破断而 absorption can amount （ mono 位: Kg·m or J）
夏 ratio impact experiment/testing and 伊佐德 impact experiment/testing 描述
（ 源: ResearchGate）
伊佐德 and ratio experiment/testing difference
两者 main/primary in below/following 方面存 in 差异:
Sample dimensions and 形状
Sample methods
experiment/testing in most large impact can amount
缺口 experiment/testing and 无缺口 experiment/testing
engineering parts usually in force in 部位, therefore material impact is is important. testing in use belt/tape Sample tough property evaluation, meanwhile can use 无缺口 Sample for data, used for different applications comparison analysis.
a) has and 无缺口夏 ratio impact experiment/testing;
b) has and 无缺口伊佐德 impact experiment/testing
（ 源: ScienceDirect）
impact experiment/testing core advantages
材 material tough property indicators 虽不直接 used for product structure design, can table/sheet material impact can force, experiment/testing main/primary used for below/following comparison analysis:
different material impact resistant can force
同一材 material in different processing process lower impact resistant property can （如 hot 处理, processing 工序, machine processing and other process ）
各 type plastics tough property indicators
