Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

1　序言 数控车床 is high degree 自动化 machine 床, 数控车床主传动 system features is: ① machine has high speed and large rate, 以适应 high efficiency processing need; ②主轴转 speed 变换迅 speed can 靠, generally can 自动变 speed; ③主轴应 has high rigid degree and 回转精 degree; ④主轴转 speed scope/range very 广, for aluminum alloy material high speed 切削, 几乎没 has upper 限 限 made, most high speed 取决于主传动 system in 传动元 parts 允许极限(如主轴 bearings 允许 极限转 speed), most low speed according to processing 不锈钢 and other difficult processing material requirements 确定. 现以我们 injection molding parts processing design production DS11 type full function 数控车床 is 例, introduction 主传动 system design. 2　车床主传动 methods selection 主传动 using/adopting separation 离传动. is from 15kW 直流主 electrical machine 经三角皮 belt/tape 传至变 speed 箱, through gears speed make obtain 4 grade solid speed, again electrical machine speed make 主轴转 speed to 26～2360r/min, in 4档 scope/range inner can 进行恒 speed 切削. 主轴 4 grade machine speed is use 油缸推动 slip gears achieve. in speed 时, electrical machine low speed 转动. gears combined rear pressure upper 行程开关. meanwhile 发令, make electrical machine 停止摇摆, 并启动主轴运动. 当改变主 electrical machine direction 时, can to same positive, 反转. 螺纹切削 is through and 主轴1∶1传动 主轴脉冲发生 device 发出同步脉冲讯号 achieve. speed solid in 主轴箱 upper, method 兰盘定心. method inner and in bearings outer versus 配, method outer and speed 箱体孔 versus 配, ensure 主轴三 bearings 孔同心, make gears positive combined. this type of separation 离传动 will speed 箱直接 in 主轴箱 upper, speed gears 直接传动主轴, 省 皮 belt/tape in step/link, make structure 紧凑. meanwhile, and speed gears separation 装于两箱, to separation 离, decrease/reduce hot deformation, improve/increase rigid property and degree 目. 3　功 rate features electrical machine most high speed is 3500r/min, 额定转 speed is 1160r/min, rate speed scope/range is 3, belt/tape 轮 传动 ratio is 133∶236. rate features can 见, rate heavy combined, 无缺口, in 计算转 speed 142r/min above, can to most large rate 13kW(machine efficiency 0.87). rate heavy combined separation more, has 浪费. 4　主轴组 parts design is 三支承, front, in bearings in 主轴箱 inner, is main/primary 支承, rear bearings in speed in, is 辅助支承. front bearings is NN3024SKM-SP and 234424MA-SP, in bearings is NN3022SKM-CP. this type of bearings tool has very high rigid property, toward force and toward force separation different bearings negative 担, toward hot can 由圆柱滚子 bearings absorption. rear bearings is toward bearings D220. due to bearings 孔 同轴 degree very difficult ensure, therefore rear bearings and 箱体孔 配 combined relatively 松, front, in bearings use long lubricated lubricated, use in 间 两 背帽 adjustment. front 端 两 semi in assembly abrasion, use adjustment front bearings negative 荷. 主轴孔径 is 70. 5　 temperature rise and hot deformation due to in bearings 位于变 speed and 主轴箱 between, dispersion hot conditions relatively 差, make in bearings temperature rise high front bearings. speed lubricated using/adopting outer ring 形式, amount relatively large, can bearings 处 部 separation hot amount belt/tape 走, therefore in bearings temperature rise 并不太 high. 　　 lower is temperature rise and hot deformation 情况: 　　 主轴 in speed 1180r/min, time 180min, room temperature 25.5℃; 　　 front bearings most high temperature degree 32.0℃, temperature rise 7℃; 　　 in bearings most high temperature degree 32.4℃, temperature rise 6.4℃; 　　 主轴 in in 主平面 upper deformation amount is 9.5μm; 　　 主轴 in in 次平面 upper deformation amount is 8.5μm; 　　 主轴轴 toward deformation amount is 18.5μm; 　　 主轴 high speed 2360r/min, time 180min, room temperature 25℃; 　　 front bearings most high temperature degree 44.6℃, temperature rise 19.6℃; 　　 rear bearings most high temperature degree 51.5℃, temperature rise 26.5℃. 　　 源: China machine 床网