Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

 第一节 polymer separation structure

plastics is polymer/macromolecule combined formed resin is basic raw materials, add 入一定 amount additives formed, in temperature degree pressure lower can made formed tool has structure 形状, can in normal temperature lower maintain its 形状不变 材 material.

combined formed resin is types or types simple combined material through polymerization reaction formed types polymer/macromolecule combined material, polymer, this simple combined material mono 体. plastics main/primary formed separation is resin, resin also is types polymer, therefore analysis plastics separation structure upper is analysis polymer separation structure.

一, polymer polymer/macromolecule structure features

（1） low separation 子 含原子数都 very less, polymer/macromolecule in has 几千, 几万, 甚至几百万 原子.

（2） from versus for separation quality 看, water versus for separation quality is 18, 石灰石 is 100, is 46, is 324, this low separation combined material its versus for separation quality has or 几百, polymer/macromolecule combined material molecular weight ratio low separation high more, generally can 自几万至几十万, 几百万甚至 upper 千万. nylon separation molecular weight is 二万三千 left right, 天然橡胶 is 四十万.

（3） from separation long degree 看, low separation ethylene long degree is 0．0005μm, polymer/macromolecule polyethylene (PE) long degree is 6．8μm, rear is front 者 13600倍.

二, polymer separation structure 示意图

if polymer separation 子链呈不规则 线状（ or 者团状）, polymer is 一根根 separation 子链组 formed, is type polymer, 如图a 示. if in large separation 子 链 between also has short it 们连接起, formed is structure, is type polymer, 如图c 示. in addition, also has polymer large separation 子主链 upper belt/tape has or long or short small 支链, separation 子链呈枝状, 如图b 示, is belt/tape has 支链 线 type polymer.

三, polymer property 质

polymer separation structure different, its property different.

（1）线 property polymer material features is tool has elastic property and property, in solvent agent in can solvent understanding, temperature degree rise high 时, soft 化至熔化状态而 flow, can molding, this polymer tool has thermoplastic property.

（2）体 type polymer material features is property large, elastic property relatively high and property very low, molding front is can solvent and can 熔, 而一经 hard molding （ chemical crosslinked reaction ） rear, formed is solvent solid 体, in more high temperature degree lower （甚至 by carbon 化）也不会 soft 化, therefore, also this type of material tool has hot solid property.

四, polymer poly structure and its property can

polymer due to separation especially large separation 子间引 force relatively large, easy poly is liquid or solid 体, 而不形 formed gas 态. solid polymer structure according to separation 子排列 几何特征, can separation is crystallization type and non crystallization type （ or 无定形）两 types.

（1） crystallization type polymer

crystallization type polymer 由“晶区”（ separation as has 规则紧密排列 区域） and “ non 晶区”（ separation 子处于无序状态 区域) formed, 如图 示. 晶区 占 weight separation is crystallization degree, low pressure polyethylene (PE) in room temperature crystallization degree is 85%~90%. usually polymer separation structure simple, upper belt/tape has 侧基体积 small, for property high, separation function force large, has crystallization; 反之, for crystallization or can formed crystallization 区. crystallization in property polymer and crosslinked more type polymer in.

crystallization for polymer property can has relatively large effect/influence. due to crystallization formed separation 子紧密 poly 集状态, reinforcement separation function force, therefore make polymer strong/high degree, hardness, rigid degree and melting point, heat resistant property and chemical resistance and other property can has improve/increase, and 链运动 has property can elastic property, elongation and impact strong/high degree and other has reduce.

（2） non crystallization type polymer

for/regarding non crystallization polymer structure, 一直认 is its separation 子排列 is 杂乱无章, versus 互穿插交缠. in electronics micro lower 观察, 发现无定形 polymer 质点排列不 is full 无序, is large scope/range inner 无序, small scope/range inner has 序, 即"远程无序, has 序". type polymer due to separation 子链间存 in a large amount of crosslinked, separation difficult as has 序排列, therefore large separation is 无定形 polymer.