Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

 一, what is glass fiber 呢?

resistant property good, machine strong/high degree high, disadvantages is property 脆, wear resistance relatively 差. it is 以玻璃球 or waste 旧玻璃 is raw materials high temperature made, wire drawing, 络纱, and other process manufacturing formed. its main/primary formed separation is oxidation silicon, oxidation aluminum, oxidation 钙, oxidation 硼, oxidation 镁, oxidation and other.

lower 面我们 let 我们 看看 it classification!

1. glass fiber classification

1)以 Monofilament classification

coarse fiber: Monofilament generally is 30um;

初 grade fiber: Monofilament large 于20um;

in grade fiber: Monofilament 直径10-20um;

high grade fiber: （ textile fiber ） its Monofilament 直径3-10um;

ultra- fine fiber: Monofilament small 于4um.

generally: 5-10um fiber as is textile products use; 10-14um fiber generally 做无捻 coarse 纱, 无纺布, short fiber and other relatively is 适宜.  

short glass fiber (GF)

2） 以玻璃 raw materials formed classification （ generally different alkali metal content separation ）

A．无 alkali glass fiber （E glass fiber ）

alkali metal oxidation material content <0.05%, 化学 stability property, electrical insulation property, strong/high degree good, main/primary used as electrical insulation material, 玻璃钢 reinforcement material and other

B.  in alkali glass fiber （C glass fiber ）

alkali metal oxidation material content 11.5-12.5%, 含 alkali amount high, can used as electrical insulation material, its chemical stability property and strong/high degree good, generally used as 乳胶布, 方格布基材, acid property 滤布, 窗纱基材 and other, can used as acid property 滤布, 窗纱基材 and other （ cost relatively low, applications relatively 广）

C.  high alkali glass fiber （A glass fiber ）

alkali metal oxidation material content >15%, 如 using/adopting 碎 平 sheet/plate 玻璃, bottle 子玻璃 and other as raw materials made formed glass fiber 均 此 type. can used as electrical bottle sheet/slice, pipeline 包扎布 and sheet/slice and other anti water, anti material.

D.  specialty glass fiber

由 pure aluminum silicon ternary formed high strength glass fiber （S-glass）, aluminum silicon high strong/high high elastic glass fiber; silicon aluminum 钙镁系 chemical resistant glass fiber; fiber; high silicon oxygen fiber; fiber and other

按含 alkali amount separation, that glass fiber in alkali metal oxidation material to is what 呢?

alkali metal oxidation material: generally 指 oxidation 钠, oxidation 钾

alkali metal oxidation material is 普通玻璃 main/primary formed 之一, main/primary is reduce melting point; its content high, glass fiber chemical stability property, electrical insulation property can, strong/high degree versus decline.

long glass fiber (GF)

二, glass fiber structure and formed

1. glass fiber features

1图示 is glass fiber structure 示意图

玻璃 共 property : toward property, solid melting point, stability property, property 质变化 连续 property, can property

GF structure has types 学说

random 则网络学说: silicon oxygen 四面体, aluminum oxygen 三面体, oxygen 三面体 versus formed 不规则 三维 structure. 网络间 空隙由Ca, Na, K, Mg and other cationic filling.

micro 晶学说: 玻璃由 silicon acid block or oxidation silicon micro 晶子组 formed, in micro between silicon acid block cold solvent liquid filling.

2. glass fiber formed

glass fiber chemical formed main/primary has SiO2, Be2O3, CaO, Al2O3 and other. this material for glass fiber property and production process 起决定 property function.

glass fiber (GF) separation function table/sheet

三. glass fiber property can

glass fiber (GF) products

1. physical properties

a. appearance: light slip, 圆柱形. fiber between combined force small, effect/influence and resin composite/compounding 效果. light slip surface for gas and liquid through retardant force small, therefore made as material relatively 理想.

b. density: 2.5 left right, main/primary 取决于玻璃 formed separation. certain specialty 玻璃, 如石英 glass fiber, high silicon oxygen glass fiber and other, its density relatively low, is 2.0-2.2g/cm3; has a large amount of heavy metal oxidation material high 模GF, density can 达2.7-2.9g/cm3.

2. force property can

tensile strength : GF tensile strength ratio high 几十倍?

micro cracks false 说:

玻璃 structure non-uniform property, make easy generate micro cracks, outer force function lower, formed force in 点. glass fiber, more more high temperature melt structure (structure property improve/increase), micro cracks generate machine decrease/reduce, 且GF截面 small, therefore surface micro cracks ratio block 状玻璃 less.

3. effect/influence glass fiber strong/high degree factors

fiber and long degree : 直径越 small, long degree 越 small, strong/high degree 越 large;

chemical formed : 含 alkali amount large, strong/high degree small;

存放 time : time long, strong/high degree small (空 gas in water separation 侵蚀)

施 add negative time : add negative time long, strong/high degree small; remove outer, liquid defect, 如杂质, bubbles and other significantly effect/influence GF strong/high degree.

glass fiber wear resistance, resistant property 都 very 差, its heat resistant property very good, soft temperature degree in 500-700℃, in high temperature lower long use, strong/high degree loss 失.

nylon products

4. glass fiber chemical property 质

GF and Glass versus ratio, due to tool has relatively large ratio surface 积, therefore 受介质侵蚀 degree 剧烈.

GF for remove HF, concentrated alkali, H3PO4以 outer chemical product and has machine solvent agent tool has good chemical stability property.

effect/influence GF chemical stability property factors

a. glass fiber chemical formed

无 alkali glass fiber (GF): resistant acid property 差, resistant water property relatively good

in alkali glass fiber (GF): resistant acid property good, resistant water property 差

b． temperature degree

in 100℃ below/following, temperature degree rise high 10℃, fiber in 介质侵蚀 lower bad speed degree increase 50～100％.

四.GF production process

1. method wire drawing process

production process made and wire drawing separation formed

整 wire drawing process in add and wire drawing temperature degree control is 由自动 control plant/unit formed
 

2.池窑漏 sheet/plate method wire drawing process

池窑 wire drawing is glass fiber production types new process methods. wire drawing is will 玻璃配 combined material 投入熔窑熔化 rear 直接拉 made formed various 支数 连续 glass fiber.

池窑 wire drawing and wire drawing versus comparison, tool has lower advantages:

1. made process, process process/workflow, efficiency high;

2. wire drawing can 安装10 block to upper block sheet/plate, amount large, production can force high;

3. easy achieve 自动化;

4. more large sheet/plate production 玻璃钢 suitable coarse fiber;

5. production waste 纱便于回炉.

五. glass fiber (GF) surface treatment

1. surface treatment 意义

surface treatment: in glass fiber surface by types surface treatment agent material 质, make glass fiber and combined formed resin solid adhesion in 一起, to improve/increase 玻璃钢 property can 目. surface treatment agent glass fiber and combined formed resin between make this types property different material solid in 一起.

2. glass fiber (GF) surface treatment methods

rear method

凡 is use textile type lubricating agent, made glass fiber and material, in used for made as 玻璃钢之 front upper using/adopting method surface treatment. separation 两步进行: remove glass fiber surface textile type lubricating agent, rear 经处理 agent solvent liquid 浸渍, water 洗, dry and other process, make glass fiber surface by upper 一层处理 agent. features: 处理 各道工序都 need equipment, investment relatively large, glass fiber strong/high degree loss large ．但处理效果 good, comparison stability ． is currently inner outer most use methods.

front method

适当改变浸 lubricating agent formulation, make can meet/satisfy wire drawing, 退并, textile 各道工序 requirements, also 不妨碍 resin for glass fiber lubricating and adhesion. will chemical agent add to lubricating agent in. and rear method comparison advantages: complex process and equipment, use 简便; 避免 因 hot 处理造 formed glass fiber strong/high degree loss 失. disadvantages: this type of lubricating agent 一方面 need meet/satisfy wire drawing, textile requirements, meanwhile also need meet/satisfy and resin 浸渍, adhesion and other requirements, is comparison complex technology issues, currently 尚需进一步 research.

迁移 method

迁移 method is will chemical agent add to resin liquid in overall combined, in meanwhile will agent glass fiber upper, 借处理 agent from resin liquid fiber surface “迁移” function and fiber surface function, from in resin solid process in generate function.

六. evaluation glass fiber (GF) good bad main/primary indicators

第一 indicators: glass fiber (GF) in wire drawing process in use surface active property agent

第二 indicators: Monofilament 直径, Monofilament 直径越 small, product force property can and surface appearance 越佳

七. brief overview short glass fiber (GF) in plastics in advantages

① short for property relatively strong/high, generally short production 厂家会 according to different applications use different lubricating agent, but also short in mono 位体积 inner lubricating agent content ratio long need more, this 样就会 ensure resin and glass fiber (GF) combined can force. short Monofilament relatively fine, comparison good control glass fiber (GF) in plastics pellets long degree and distribution, from 而直接 effect/influence product force property can and surface appearance.

② short amount more add 准确, short generally is through material system and electronics add.

③ for block abrasion loss relatively small, due to short already by 原厂剪切 good, modified again processing 时, screw force large large decrease low.

④ if is material reinforcement 话, can add short 纤, use comparison 差一点 回 material, can reduce cost, thermal insulation strip/profile specialized material full can use methods.