Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

一, ash content? what is ash content 呢?

马沸炉

ash content : in high temperature 灼烧时, polymer 发生一 series material and chemical 变化, most rear has machine formed separation 挥发逸 dispersion, machine formed separation （ main/primary is machine salt and oxidation material ）则残留 lower, this material is ash content. generally modified product 里面, ash content is silicon 石, carbon acid 钙, slip powder, glass fiber (GF), titanium powder and other 一 无 machine material 质.

testing methods : method （燃烧 has machine material in high temperature lower its material 直至恒 heavy ）, in 马沸炉里, 600℃进行10min燃烧, amount its material.

ash content quality separation table/sheet 示: (M1-M0)×100/M

M table/sheet 示式样 weight, M1 ash content and weight, M0杯子 weight

目 : plastics in machine material content, as is 判断材 material true false based on and 评判材 material property can based on, 如: in add glass fiber (GF) plastics in, high plastics material rigid property increase, heat resistant property increase, tough property reduce, 反之, tough property increase, rigid property heat resistant property decline.

二, water separation testing 意义? principle?

红 outer water separation testing 仪

water separation : in material internal water.

testing principle : main/primary separation is: outer fast speed water separation and fast speed water separation 测定

红 outer water separation testing principle : outer add hot method heavy is utilizing outer add hot material hot and strong/high can force, by material water separation fast speed 蒸发而失 heavy, through material 体 初始 quality and material 体蒸发 water separation rear quality data, obtain by material in certain 一特定 temperature degree lower water amount.

卤素 fast speed water separation 测定: testing 计算公式: 设G is sample drying front weight, g is sample drying rear weight; L is sample water amount, R is sample drying; LR is sample rate ‘OR is sample wet heavy rate, 故

L=G-g/G （1）

R=g/G （2）

0R=(G-g)/G （3）

OR=G/g （4）

testing 目 : water separation content is effect/influence polyamide (PA) （PA） and polycarbonate (PC) （PC） and other resin processing process, product appearance and product features important factors. in injection molding process in, if use water separation content more plastics pellets production,则会 generate processing issues,并 most effect/influence formed product quality,如: surface cracking, light,以 and impact resistant property can and tensile strength and other mechanical properties reduce and other.

三, melt flow index

melt 指仪

melt flow index : is types table/sheet plastics material processing flow property value.

testing methods : let plastics in time （10 separation 钟） inner, temperature degree and pressure （ various material standards different ） lower, melt formed plastics 流体, rear through 一直径圆 tube/pipe weight or 体积. table/sheet methods has MFI: quality; MVR: 流体体积.

意义: table/sheet plastics material processing flow property, its value large, table/sheet flow property good, 反之, 越差; in micro upper, melt large table/sheet 示体现 viscosity small and separation weight small, 反之则代 table/sheet plastics viscosity large and separation weight large.

四, tensile / bending testing and principle

bending / tensile testing device

tensile testing : high poly material material basic material property, for material add force rear, deformation amount, 求出应 force, force 应变曲线 is most methods. will strip/profile use device tool solid good, add direction tensile heavy, to bad 时 应 force and 扭曲.

elastic property modulus : E=(F/S)/(dL/L)（材 material in elastic property deformation stage/phase, its force and formed positive ratio/proportion 关系） elastic property modulus ” is material elastic property material amount, is 一 总称, 包括“杨氏 modulus ”, “剪切 modulus ”, “体积 modulus ” and other.

elastic property modulus 意义: elastic property modulus is engineering material important property can parameters, from macro degree 说, elastic property modulus is amount material resistant elastic property deformation can force large small degree, from micro degree 说, is 原子, or separation between combined strong/high degree reaction.

different plastics tensile 图形变化

strong/high degree : material in function lower resistant property deformation or by bad most large can force.

屈服 strong/high degree : material obvious property deformation resistant force

tensile strength : in tensile experiment/testing in, Sample fracture is 止 承受 most large tensile force.

tensile force : Sample in amount scope/range inner, mono 位初始横截面 upper tensile negative 荷.

tensile fracture force : σｔ－εｔ曲线 upper fracture 时 应 force.

tensile 屈服应 force : σｔ－εｔ曲线 upper 屈服点处 应 force.

fracture elongation : Sample fracture 时, 标线间距离 increase amount and 初始标距之 ratio.

屈服点: σｔ－εｔ曲线 upper σｔ不随εｔ increase 初始点.

应 force —应变 process

注:

E越 large, 说明材 material hard, versus 反则越 soft;

σb or σy越 large, material strong/high, versus 反则越 low;

εb or S越 large, 说明材 material tough, versus 反则越脆.

effect/influence tensile property can factors

(1) molding conditions : Sample micro defect and micro different property 引起

(2) temperature degree and wet degree :

(3) tensile speed degree : plastics belongs to viscous elastic property material, its force process and deformation speed rate related, need time process

(4)预处理: material in processing process in, due to add hot and cooling time and speed degree different, easy generate local force in, in temperature degree lower hot or 称退火处理, can remove internal stress, high strength

(5)材 material property 质: crystallization degree, orientation, molecular weight and its distribution, crosslinked degree

(6) aging : aging rear strong/high degree obvious decline

bending property can testing : will strip/profile in long degree 两 支点 upper, 以一定 speed degree in in 间部位施 add heavy 时变弯, to 引起折断 or to bending amount 时 应 force 于扭曲 计算 methods is bending experiment/testing.

flexural strength (Flexural Strength): 以一定 speed degree in strip/profile in add function force, strip/profile bad or to 5% deformation amount strong/high degree. flexural strength is 测定样 strip/profile bending generate deformation resistant property experiment/testing

flexural modulus (Flexural Modulus): from strip/profile in upper add function force large small and strip/profile generate 形变之 ratio. flexural modulus large, rigid property strong/high, flexural modulus small, plastics soft/flexible.

bending testing

样 strip/profile bending 形变

五, impact testing 意义? principle

impact testing device

定义: 摆锤打击简支梁 Sample in 部, make Sample to impact fracture, Sample fracture mono 位面积 or mono wide degree consumption impact is impact strong/high degree.

意义: impact tough property is polymer/macromolecule material in high speed lower 呈现 坚 tough degree, or resistant fracture can force. generally 说, impact tough property 包括两 方面: impact rear deformation can force and fracture can force, front generally use fracture elongation table/sheet 示, rear generally use impact strong/high degree table/sheet 示.

impact strong/high degree 计算公式:  E=A/bd

A: table/sheet 示冲动时 消 consumption 功; b/d separation table/sheet impact wide and thick; E即 is impact strong/high degree

冲断 Sample consumption generally separation is below/following several 方面:

a） make Sample generate cracks

b） make its in certain cracks development 贯穿整 Sample 而断开

c） make cracks polymer 发生形变

d） make Sample sheet/slice 段飞出

e） a small amount of 克服空 gas retardant force and machine parts between scratch force

注: generally 说, in by bad front absorption impact can large, fracture long large, material impact tough property good.

六, heat deflection temperature (HDT)

heat deflection temperature (HDT) （Heat deflection temperature）: for polymer/macromolecule material or polymer add negative 荷, 以一定 speed degree rise temperature, to 规定形变时 for temperature degree.

testing principle : plastics Sample again is 100mm base/seat upper, will its in types combined liquid hot in, in base/seat in 点处, for its add 特定 静 bending negative 荷, in and other speed rise temperature conditions lower, Sample bending deformation to value 时.

testing 目 : 处于玻璃态 or crystallization high poly material, temperature degree improve/increase, and separation 子运动 can amount improve/increase, in outer force function lower its toward 运动而导致 deformation can force increase, material resistant outer force can force —— modulus temperature degree rise high decline, 随 temperature degree improve/increase, solid negative lower plastics generate deformation increase.

effect/influence factors :

1） testing device （读数误差, Sample 放置位置）

2） Sample made methods and dimensions

3）传 hot 介质

七, Vicat softening temperature

testing principle : will plastics strip/profile liquid hot in, in negative and and other speed rise temperature conditions lower, Sample by 1平方 mm pressure pressure 入1mm时 temperature degree.

维卡 testing 仪

意义: Vicat softening temperature is evaluation material resistant thermal properties, products in hot conditions lower material force property can indicators 之一. material Vicat softening temperature can used for evaluation material use temperature degree, can use 指导材 material quality control. Vicat softening temperature high, table/sheet material hot dimensional stability good, hot deformation small, heat resistant deformation can force good, rigid property large, modulus high.

八, hot aging testing

testing principle : will plastics made 样至于 to conditions (temperature degree, speed, gas rate and other) hot aging test in, make its hot and oxygen accelerated aging function

aging 炉

目 : testing front rear property can 变化, plastics heat resistant aging property can.

九, viscosity testing

viscosity testing 仪

plastics viscosity : is plastics melt flow large separation between versus friction coefficient large small. it is plastics melt flow property high low 反映, viscosity large, melt viscous property strong/high, flow property 越差, processing difficult, meanwhile is polymer molecular weight large small 一 测评 methods. plastics viscosity large small and plastics melt flow index large small formed ratio. plastics viscosity plastics features, outer temperature degree, pressure and other conditions 变化而变化.

十, testing

燃烧 property can : is material 燃烧遇火时 发生 一切 material and chemical 变化, this property can has material surface property and 火焰传播 property, hot, 发烟, carbon 化, heavy, and property formed material generate and other amount.

testing methods : main/primary has oxygen index (LOI) property can testing, water 平燃烧 property can testing, 垂直燃烧 property can testing, hot filament can 燃指数 testing. 材 material flame retardant property can effect/influence material use.

testing principle : will long strip/profile strip/profile solid in water or 垂直夹 tool upper, its 另一端暴露于规定 experiment/testing in, through amount property speed rate, evaluation Sample water 平燃烧行 is; through amount its 余焰火 and time, scope/range and pellets low 落 情况 evaluation plastics property can.

testing 意义: in conditions lower, different material property can, for material use scope/range and manufacturing process and 燃烧 变化 features tool has important 意义