Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

         formulation design key/critical is material selection, 搭配, use amount, mixed combined large elements, surface very simple, its 实包含 very more inner in 联系, need design high property can, easy processing, low price formulation non easy 事, need factors very more. below/following is 您列出十 modified formulation design key points, 供您参考.

         1, resin selection

        (1) resin product types selection resin need selection and modified property can most product types, 以节省 add additives use amount. wear resistant modified, resin need 首先考虑 selection large wear resistant resin PA, POM, UHMWPE; again transparent modified, resin need 首先考虑 selection large transparent resin PS, PMMA, PC.

        (2) resin grade selection

        同一 types resin grade different, its property can 差别也 very large, selection and modified property can most grade. heat resistant modified PP, can in heat deflection temperature (HDT) 100~140℃ PP grade scope/range inner selection, need selection heat resistant 120℃ PP grade.

        (3) resin flow property selection formulation in various 塑化材 material viscosity need 接近, ensure processing flow property.

         for/regarding viscosity versus 差悬殊 材 material, need add material, decrease small viscosity degree. 如PA66 toughened, flame retardant formulation in add 入PA6 as is material, PA6 toughened, flame retardant formulation in add 入HDPE as is material.

         different processing methods requirements flow property different. different product types plastics tool has different flow property. will plastics separation formed high flow property plastics, low flow property plastics and flow property plastics, specific lower:

         high flow property plastics ——PS, HIPS, ABS, PE, PP, PA and other.

         low flow property plastics ——PC, MPPO, PPS and other.

        不 flow property plastics —— PTFE, UHMWPE, PPO and other.

        同一 product types plastics tool has different flow property, main/primary causes is molecular weight, separation distribution different, therefore types raw materials separation is different grade. different processing methods use flow property different, therefore grade separation is injection molding grade, extrusion grade, blow molding grade, calendering grade and other.

         different processing methods and melt flow 指数 关系

        (4) resin for additives selection property

        如PPS不 can add 入含铅 and copper additives, PC不 can use oxidation 锑, this can understanding poly. meanwhile, additives acid alkali property, and resin acid alkali property need 一致, 否则会起两者 reaction.

        2, additives selection

        (1)按 need to selection additives

        按 need to selection combined additives product types, add additives can separation its expected 功效, to indicators. indicators generally is product standards, standards, or 客户提出 property can requirements. additives specific selection scope/range lower:

         toughened ——选 elastomer, thermoplastic property elastomer and rigid property toughened material;

         reinforcement ——选 glass fiber, carbon fiber, must and has machine fiber;

         flame retardant —— bromine type (普通 bromine and environmental protection bromine 系), type, nitrogen type, nitrogen /磷 composite/compounding type type flame retardant, oxidation 二锑, water alloy hydrogen oxidation material;

         anti-static ——各 type anti-static agent; conductive —— carbon type (炭黑, 石墨, carbon fiber, carbon nano tube/pipe), metal fiber and metal powder, metal oxidation material;

         magnetic property —— iron oxygen magnetic powder, dilute magnetic powder 包括钐钴 type (SmCo5 or Sm2Co17), iron type (NdFeB), iron nitrogen type (SmFeN)以 and aluminum type magnetic powder large type;

         thermally conductive —— metal fiber and metal powder 末, metal oxidation material, nitrogen material and carbon material;

         carbon type material 如炭黑, carbon fiber, and carbon nano tube/pipe; semi 导体材 material silicon, 硼;

         heat resistant —— glass fiber, machine filler, heat resistant agent 如取代马 酰亚 amine type and β晶 type nucleating agent;

         transparent —— nucleating agent, for PP而言α晶 type nucleating agent alcohol series Millad 3988效果 most good;

         wear resistant ——石墨, 二硫化钼, copper powder and other; insulation ——煅烧 high 岭土; retardant 隔——云母, 蒙脱土, and other.

        (2) additives for resin tool has selection property flame retardant for PA, PBT, PET has 效; nitrogen flame retardant for oxygen type has 效, 如PA, PBT, PET and other; nucleating agent for copolymer polypropylene (PP) good; glass fiber heat resistant modified for crystallization property plastics good, for non type plastics 效果差;炭黑 filling conductive plastics, in crystallization property resin in good.

        3, additives 形态

        同一 types formed separation additives, its different, for modified function effect/influence very large.

        (1) additives fiber additives reinforcement good. additives fiber degree can use long ratio table/sheet 示, L/D越 large, reinforcement 效果越 good, this is is what add glass fiber need from gas add 入. melt ratio powder has maintain long ratio, decrease small 断纤几 rate. 圆球状 additives toughened good, light degree high. acid is type 圆球状 additives, therefore high gloss PP filling selection acid 钡, small degree rigid property toughened can use acid 钡.

        (2) additives degree

        A. additives degree for force property can effect/influence

        粒 degree small, for filling material tensile strength and impact strong/high degree has 益. 例如, different degree 20% silicon filling for PA6 force property can effect/influence lower table/sheet:

         different degree 20% silicon filling for PA6 force property can effect/influence

        B. additives degree for flame retardant property can effect/influence flame retardant degree small, flame retardant 效果就越 good. water alloy oxidation material and oxidation 二锑 粒 degree small, to and other flame retardant add amount less.

        例如, in LDPE in add 入80份 different degree hydrogen oxidation aluminum flame retardant 效果见 lower table/sheet:

        LDPE in add 入80份 different degree hydrogen oxidation aluminum flame retardant 效果

        C. additives degree for Color Matching effect/influence color agent degree small, color force high, cover/cap force strong/high, color uniform. color agent degree is small good, in 一 极限 value, but also for different property can value different. for color force 而言, nitrogen type color agent 极限粒 degree is 0.1μm, type color agent 极限粒 degree is 0.05μm. for cover/cap force 而言, color agent 极限粒 degree is 0.05μm left right.

        D. additives degree for conductive property can effect/influence 以炭黑 is 例, its degree small, easy formed conductive 通路, to conductive add 入炭黑 amount reduce. color agent 一样, degree has 一 极限 value, degree small easy poly difficult dispersion, 效果反倒不 good.

        (3) additives surface treatment additives and resin versus property need good, this can ensure additives and resin 按预想 structure dispersion, ensure design indicators formed, ensure in use lifespan inner its 效果持久发挥, resistant 抽提, resistant 迁移, resistant 析出. large separation formulation requirements additives and resin uniform dispersion, for retardant property formulation 则希望 additives in resin in distribution.

         remove surface active property agent and other less additives outer, and resin good versus property is its and improve/increase add amount key/critical. therefore, must method improve/increase or improvement its versus property, using/adopting compatibilizer or coupling agent surface active 化处理 and other.

         has machine type additives surface 经 处理 rear, modified 效果都会 improve/increase. especially filler most is obvious, its it also has glass fiber, machine flame retardant and other.

         surface treatment coupling agent and compatibilizer is 主, coupling agent specific silicon type, titanium acid ester type and aluminum acid ester type, compatibilizer is resin for maleic anhydride grafted polymer.

        4, additives combined add amount

        (1) has additives add amount more good: flame retardant, toughening agent, magnetic powder, retardant agent and other.

        (2) has additives add amount has most value: conductive additives, formed to electrical rear can, again add 入无效果; coupling agent, surface 包覆即 can, again add use; anti-static agent, in products surface formed electrical 荷层即 can.

        5, additives and its it separation formulation in selection additives in 发挥自身 function meanwhile, most small effect/influence other additives 功效 发挥, most good and other additives has function. in specific formulation in, is to different 目, can can add very multiple type additives, this additives between versus 互关系 very complex. has additives between has function, has additives between has for resistant function.

        (1)协同 function

        协同 function is plastics formulation in types or types above additives add 入时 效果 high its mono add 入 平均 value.

         in anti-aging formulation in, specific function has:

        两 types 羟基邻位取代基位 retardant different type antioxidant use has 协同效果;

        两 types structure and active property different amine type antioxidant use has 协同效果;

         resistant oxidation property different amine type and type antioxidant composite/compounding use has 协同效果;

         full retardant type and acid ester type antioxidant has function; semi retardant type and ester type antioxidant has function, main/primary used for inner products in;

        受 retardant type antioxidant and retardant amine type light stabilizer;受 retardant amine type light stabilizer and type antioxidant;

        受 retardant amine type light stabilizer and outer light absorption agent.

         in flame retardant formulation in, function 例子也 very more, main/primary has:

         in 卤素/锑系 composite/compounding flame retardant system in, flame retardant can 于Sb2O3发生 reaction formed SbX3, SbX3 can oxygen gas from to increase large flame retardant 效果 目;

         in 卤素/磷系 composite/compounding flame retardant system in, type flame retardant can reaction formed PX3, PX2, POX3 and other high density gas 体, this gas can to oxygen gas function. another, type flame retardant also can separation in gas versus, liquid versus in versus promote, from improve/increase flame retardant 效果.

        (2) for resistant function

         for resistant function is plastics formulation in types or types above additives add 入时 效果 low its mono add 入 平均 value.

         in anti aging plastics formulation in, for resistant function very more, main/primary has:

        HALS type light stabilizer and ether type antioxidant use, causes is ether type acid property formed separation made HALS light stabilization function.

        芳 amine type and retardant type antioxidant generally and type outer light agent use, is for amine type or type oxidation has catalytic function made resistant oxygen 效果 发挥.

         commonly used antioxidant and certain 含硫化 material, especially is more material between, in for resistant function. its causes is more material has oxidation function.

        如HALS不 can and acid property additives use, acid property additives and alkali property HALS发生 salt reaction, 导致HALS失效; in acid property additives in 时, generally can selection outer light absorption agent.

         in flame retardant plastics formulation in, has for resistant function 例子, main/primary has:

        卤系 flame retardant and has machine silicon type flame retardant use, reduce flame retardant 效果;

        红磷 flame retardant and has machine silicon type flame retardant use, in for resistant function.

         its it for resistant function has:

        铅 salt type additives can and 含硫化 combined material additives use, 否则引起铅污染. therefore in PVC processing formulation in, hard acid lubricant and alcohol type has machine 锡千万不 need add 入;硫 alcohol type stabilizer can used for copper cable insulation in, 否则引起 copper 污染; also in has a large amount of property filler filling formulation in, property additives 如DOP, lubricant add amount need versus increase large, 以弥补 by absorption separation.

        6, formulation separation mixed combined need uniform

        (1) has separation need separation add for/regarding filler add amount large formulation, filler most good separation add 入. one-time in add material 斗, 第二次 in in add material 口. 如PE add 入150份 hydrogen oxidation aluminum flame retardant formulation, need separation add 入, 否则不 can pelletizing. for/regarding filler coupling agent 处理, generally need separation 三次喷入方 can dispersion uniform, 偶联效果 good.

        (2) combined 理排布 add material in PVC or filling material formulation in, various material add material very main/primary. filling material formulation in, need add filler, mixed combined rise temperature rear can remove its in water 份, has rear 续 偶联处理. in PVC formulation in, outer lubricant need rear add, effect/influence its it material material uniform mixed combined.

        7, formulation for its it property can negative effect/influence

         design formulation 应该不 poor or most small effect/influence resin basic material mechanical properties, most need 保留原 has property can, most good can improve/increase resin certain property can. high filling formulation for composite/compounding material force property can and processing properties effect/influence very large, impact strong/high degree and tensile strength large degree decline, processing flow property 变差. if products for composite/compounding material force property can has specific requirements, in formulation in need specific 补偿, add elastomer material impact property can, add lubricant improvement processing properties. lower several 经常受 effect/influence property can:

        (1) impact property large separation machine material and separation has machine material reduce formulation impact property can. is impact strong/high degree, in design formulation need add elastomer. in filling system PP/ slip powder /POE formulation, in flame retardant system ABS/十 bromine /三 oxidation 二锑/ toughening agent formulation.

        (2) transparent property large more machine material for transparent property has effect/influence, selection light and resin versus 近 无 machine material for transparent property effect/influence small. 近, transparent filling material comparison 流行, main/primary for HDPE plastics bag, add 入特殊 product types slip powder for transparent property effect/influence small, is for has effect/influence. has machine material for transparent property has effect/influence, 如PVC toughened, has MBS不 effect/influence transparent property, 而CPE, EVA, ACR都 effect/influence its transparent property. in machine flame retardant material in, 胶体五 oxidation 二锑不 effect/influence transparent property.

        (3) color property has resin is deep color, aldehyde resin is color, poly amine is black and other. has additives 本身也 tool has color property, 如炭黑, carbon nano tube/pipe, 石墨, 二硫化钼都 is black, is deep color, type color agent is 五颜六 color. in formulation design 时, need attention/notes additives color and color property, has additives color very deep, this effect/influence products color, difficult processing shallow color products. also has additives is white, in processing in high temperature reaction color, silicon 灰石本身 is white, filling to resin in processing rear formed shallow color.

        (4) its it property can plastics thermally conductive modified generally is add metal type and carbon type thermally conductive agent, type thermally conductive agent also is conductive agent, in improve/increase thermally conductive property meanwhile improve/increase conductive property, from effect/influence insulation property. thermally conductive very more used for requirements insulation material, 如线路 sheet/plate, parts, 封装材 material and other. is need insulation thermally conductive can add tool has conductive property thermally conductive agent, can add insulation type thermally conductive agent, 如陶瓷 type metal oxidation material.

        8, formulation tool has can processing property formulation need ensure can processing properties, ensure products molding, for processing equipment and use ring defect effect/influence. composite/compounding material in additives heat resistant property need good, in processing temperature degree lower 不发生蒸发, separation understanding (crosslinked agent, agent and foaming agent remove outer); additives add for resin processing properties effect/influence need small; add additives for equipment abrasion loss and 腐蚀应尽 can can small, processing 时不放出 has gas 体, loss processing 人员 健康.

        (1) flow property large separation machine filler effect/influence processing property, add amount large, need versus add processing modifier 以补偿 loss flow property, add lubricant and other. has machine additives generally promote processing property, bromine ether, bromine di 酚A flame retardant can promote processing flow property, especially bromine di 酚A more obvious. generally modified formulation add amount lubricant.

        (2) heat resistant property ensure additives in processing process in need separation understanding, remove foaming agent, agent, crosslinked agent function requirements must need separation understanding outer. also need attention/notes below/following 几点: hydrogen oxidation aluminum separation understanding temperature degree low, combined 于PP in use, can used for PE in;四 bromine di 酚A因 separation understanding temperature degree low, combined 于ABS flame retardant; large separation has machine material separation understanding temperature degree low, combined high temperature processing engineering plastics;香 material separation understanding temperature degree low, generally in 150℃ below/following, can use EVA and other low processing temperature degree resin is 载体; modified plastics formulation processing process in function strong/high 烈, need add antioxidant, anti hot separation understanding 发生, 而导致 raw materials 变黄.

        9, plastics formulation separation environmental protection property

         specific requirements is formulation in type additives for 操纵者无害, for equipment 无害, for use 者无害, for ring 境无害. front environmental protection requirements scope/range small, is for food, product and other and 人体接触 need 无毒即 can. in requirements high, and 人体间接接触 也不行, need for ring 境无污染, 如土, water, large gas and other.

        (1)人体卫生

         property resin and additives 应该绝 for 无毒, or its content control in scope/range inner.

        (2) for ring 境污染

         选组 separation can ring 境. 如: salt can used for upper water tube/pipe and cable jacket, is separation from upper water tube/pipe, cable jacket 经雨淋渗入土壤 in, as material absorption rear use. types increase agent DOA, DOP不 can used for toys, food packaging film. 铅, 镉, 六价铬, heavy metal can use, 污染土壤. more bromine 联苯, more bromine ether can use, generate 二噁英, large gas 层.

        10, additives price and 源

         in meet/satisfy formulation upper requirements upper, formulation price low good. in specific selection additives 时, for type additives need low price types type. in PVC stability formulation in, can salt type stabilizer need has machine type stabilizer; in flame retardant formulation in, can acid zinc 则不选三 oxidation or oxidation 钼. specific 应遵循 below/following 原则:

        尽 can can selection low price raw materials —— reduce product cost;

        尽 can can 选库存 raw materials ——不 use 购买;

        尽 can can 选当 产 raw materials ——运输费 low, can decrease/reduce amount, flow 资金;

        尽 can can Domestic raw materials —— Imported raw materials outer 汇, trade policy, time and other factors effect/influence large;

        尽 can can general purpose raw materials —— new raw materials mono less, easy to, but also property can unstable.