Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

 现如今, due to large separation plastics excellent insulation property can, plastics already widely used in machine 3C, use electrical appliances, electrical product in; however, plastics easy property can retardant its safety property can. flame retardant due to generate chlorine hydrogen and other has 毒含卤 gas 体, is day active 做 巨 large 贡献. lower 面我们 understanding lower flame retardant large 家族: machine flame retardant, 无卤膨胀 type flame retardant, has machine flame retardant, has machine silicon flame retardant, nitrogen flame retardant.

 一 无 machine flame retardant

无 machine flame retardant tool has stability property good, low or 无毒, process in 不挥发, easy from plastics in 析出, raw materials 源丰富, price low and other advantages, tool flame retardant, filling di heavy function; for ring good, is very has front flame retardant. machine flame retardant main/primary 包括Sb2O3, Al（OH）3, Mg（OH）2, machine and other.  

1.三 oxidation 二锑

三 oxidation 二锑（Sb2O3） is machine flame retardant in use most is product types. due to it mono use 时效果不佳, and has machine material use, to function, is agent. it tool has excellent flame retardant 效果, can used for PVC and polyolefin type and polyester type and other plastics in. it for 鼻, 眼, tool has function, 吸入体 inner 会刺激呼吸 device 官, and 皮肤接触 can peeling 炎, use attention/notes anti 护.  

2. hydrogen oxidation aluminum
hydrogen oxidation aluminum Al（OH）3习惯 upper is water combined oxidation aluminum. is white fine micro crystallization powder 末, crystallization water 34.4%, 200℃ above water, can a large amount of absorption hot amount. another, hydrogen oxidation aluminum add to plastics in, in 燃烧时放出 water gas will polymer generate dilute 释, 起掩蔽 function, therefore also tool has decrease/reduce and has gas function.  

 
图: hydrogen oxidation aluminum

3. hydrogen oxidation 镁
hydrogen oxidation 镁Mg（OH）2 ratio hydrogen oxidation aluminum flame retardant property can 稍差, in plastics in add amount large, effect/influence to force strong/high degree. coupling agent surface treatment rear, can improvement its and resin combined force, make tool flame retardant and filling di heavy function. 常 used for EP, PF, UP, ABS, PVC, PE and other.  

4.无 machine flame retardant
无 machine flame retardant main/primary 指红磷. it is types property can excellent flame retardant, tool has high 效, 抑烟, low and other flame retardant 效果, as is flame retardant use already has 20余 year, is types to high degree heavy flame retardant, can in multiple plastics in use, generally and its it additives combined, can its flame retardant function. 红磷 flame retardant has 不足, main/primary has: in use stability property 差, easy easy 爆炸, easy oxidation formed acid ; and gas long 期接触会放出剧毒 磷化 hydrogen; 红磷本身 is color, easy make products color; 红磷也容 easy 吸潮, and polymer property relatively 差, from made its as is flame retardant application.  

5. its it machine flame retardant
its it machine flame retardant flame retardant increase agent, flame retardant agent and use amount relatively less flame retardant and other, main/primary has: 钼系化 combined material, acid salt, silicon acid salt, 锡系化 combined material （锡 acid zinc and 羟基锡 acid zinc ） and other. 钼系化 combined material is is 止人们发现 most good agent. usually use oxidation and acid 铵. USA development 出不含铵 series acid salt agent, can resistant 200℃ above processing temperature degree.  

 二 无卤膨胀 type flame retardant

无卤膨胀 type flame retardant （IFR） is 以磷, nitrogen is main/primary formed separation flame retardant. it tool has high flame retardant property, melt 滴落, for long time or heavy 复暴露 in in has good resistant property, 无卤, oxidation 锑, low 烟, 无毒, 无腐蚀 property gas generate and other advantages.  

IFR main/primary 由三部 separation formed: 第一部 separation is acid also water agent or promote agent. usually is machine acid or machine acid combined material, acid, acid, acid, acid salt, acid ester and poly acid 铵（APP） and other, can and resin function, promote material formed; 第二部 separation is also formed agent , main/primary is 一 含 carbon amount relatively high more 羟基化 combined material or carbon water combined material, powder, 季戊四 alcohol （PER） and its poly and poly and other; 第三部 separation is gas also foaming 源, can 释放出 inert property gas 体, is nitrogen type combined material, 如尿素, poly amine （MEL）, di amine, APP and other.  

due to 普通 膨胀 type flame retardant easy 吸潮, add amount large, plastics versus property 差, therefore also need for its modified improve/increase its and plastics versus property or let its and tool has function material use, improve/increase flame retardant 效果.  

无卤膨胀 type flame retardant type separation table/sheet 1 示.

 三  has machine flame retardant

in type flame retardant in, flame retardant, especially is has machine flame retardant, has important 位. for has machine flame retardant research 起始于本世纪初, has machine flame retardant large tool has low 烟, 无毒, low 卤, and other advantages, combined flame retardant development direction, tool has relatively good development outlook/prospects. has machine flame retardant 包括磷 acid ester, acid ester, acid ester, has machine salt and oxidation 磷, also has ring combined material and polymer 磷（膦） acid ester and other, application most is acid ester and acid ester.

图: automotive inner trim parts testing

due to already industrial has machine flame retardant in property large, heat stabilized property 不佳以 and flame retardant property and other issues, in recent years inner outer has a large amount of new type has machine type flame retardant by R&D, separation already industrial 化. in addition, nitrogen, silicon as is flame retardant flame retardant its high 效, low 烟, low 毒, green environmental protection and other advantages to 人们 广泛关注. therefore in has machine flame retardant separation design in, nitrogen or silicon 元素引入 its in to 磷 - nitrogen flame retardant or 磷 - silicon flame retardant can 发挥两者 协同 flame retardant function.

 
图: RDP and BDP structure 式

BDP and RDP is in recent years development new type environmental protection has machine type flame retardant, its structure upper 图 示. and has machine flame retardant versus ratio, it tool has molecular weight large, heat stabilized property high, property low and flame retardant efficiency high and other features. BDP in heat stabilized property and hydrolysis stability property ratio RDP略 is excellent 越, as is add type flame retardant, main/primary used for thermoplastic property engineering plastics 如PC／ABS blending material, polyethylene (PE) and foam polyurethane ester in , performance separation excellent flame retardant 效果.  

 四  has machine silicon flame retardant

has machine silicon flame retardant is types new type high 效, low 毒, anti melt 滴落, ring good flame retardant, is types formed type agent. has machine silicon flame retardant in 赋予基材 excellent flame retardant property can outer, also can improvement processing properties, resistant thermal properties and other. currently, has machine silicon flame retardant main/primary has silicon resin flame retardant and poly silicon oxygen flame retardant. flame retardant methods can is will has machine silicon flame retardant add to plastics in, can is will belt/tape can 团（如端羟基, or ring oxygen 基） poly silicon oxygen 烷链段嵌入 to polymer in.  

 
图: plastics 燃烧滴落 easy expand dispersion 火源

1. silicon resin is 以Si-O-Si is 主链, silicon upper has machine crosslinked type semi machine high poly material. silicon resin separation 子 侧基 is hydrogen or has machine 基时称 is pure silicon resin. silicon resin tool has excellent heat resistant property, weather resistance, flame retardant property and electrical insulation property and other.  

2. poly silicon oxygen is separation 子主链 upper 包含Si-O-Si键, Si-O-B键 and B-O-B键 polymer. will 硼元素以 chemical 键 形式 and silicon oxygen formed copolymer, can achieve B and Si in separation upper flame retardant function.  

 
图: TGPS and CPQS structure 式

典 type has machine silicon flame retardant 如: TGPS（二 chlorine 二甲基 silicon modified resin ）, CPQS（ di ring 笼状含磷四配位 silicon ）, its structure upper 图 示.

 五  nitrogen flame retardant

nitrogen flame retardant research relatively 晚, currently use product types more, main/primary is add type, commonly used nitrogen flame retardant has poly amine, poly amine acid （MCA） and other. nitrogen flame retardant as is types new type high flame retardant, in recent years in inner outer to research and heavy 视. according to currently already has 文献报道, mono use nitrogen flame retardant flame retardant 效果不佳, and flame retardant combined formed type flame retardant system, its flame retardant 效果就 very good.