Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

waste 旧 plastics recycling utilizing has ring 境保护, 节省资源. thermoplastic property plastics waste material is value good can recycled 资源, will it recycling pelletizing, or through modified rear again pelletizing, can again use production plastics products.
一, waste plastics features
waste plastics 按 its generate combined can separation is types type type: types is production process generate waste material, this type of waste material relatively is 洁净, relatively less and has 杂质, film production in combined specifications film, 切边, PP filament production in waste filament, pipe/tube, type production in material separation or combined product, injection production in 未充满 made parts and other and other; types is use, material material system mono plastics waste material, 如拆卸 lower pipe/tube, 门窗, 经严格 separation resin types type separation packaging materials or other waste plastics products; also has types is difficult separation or 根本无 method separation mixed combined waste plastics, more 层共挤 composite/compounding film, belt/tape has coating plastics products, plastics and other material 复
combined products and other. different types type waste plastics has different features, 就杂质 content 而言, factory production in waste material content low 于0．1 ％, 堆放 一定 time material and other use product content is 0．1 ％ ～0．5 ％, mixed has aluminum, and composite/compounding waste plastics content large 于10 ％. for/regarding use waste plastics, according to use conditions different, 会包含紫 outer 线辐射, hot, oxygen aging generate effect/influence, material generate effect/influence. for/regarding different waste plastics, 经破碎 rear material material density has very large 差别, film, sheet/slice 材, filament material density relatively small, this is in waste recycling pelletizing add material process in must need issues.
二, waste plastics 预处理
自于 waste packaging material, packaging bag, material bag, bottle, 罐, and waste use film waste plastics , in pelletizing front need 经 预处理. 预处理 process main/primary classification, 清洗, and drying and other. classification as is will types type waste plastics products Raw Materials types type and products classification. Raw Materials types type separation need as has identification plastics product types Knowledge, separation 拣 目 is due to different types type polymer mixed formed recycled material versus property can relatively 差; products classification is is waste plastics process can 够顺利进行, is film, filament and its material use equipment and thick 壁, hard products equipment between 往往不 can versus 代替. for/regarding pelletizing front and 破碎, has lower types process.
1．先清洗 rear process
污染不严 heavy structure complex large type waste plastics products, using/adopting 先清洗 rear process, automotive 保险杠, table/sheet sheet/plate, turnover box, sheet/plate and other. use belt/tape agent water 浸洗, rear use water 漂洗, rear dry. 因体积 large method 放进破碎 machine material relatively large made parts, coarse rear again fine 破碎, 以备供 extrusion pelletizing machine material. is ensure recycled material quality, fine rear 应进行 drying, using/adopting has add hot 夹层 旋转式 drying device, in hot 蒸汽, hot 边旋转, drying efficiency relatively high.
2． coarse 洗－破碎－精洗－ drying process
for/regarding has 污染 异 type 材, waste film, packaging bag, 应首先进行 coarse 洗, remove 砂土, block and metal and other material, anti its loss bad machine. waste plastics products coarse rear 离心脱 water, again 送入破碎 machine 破碎. rear again 进一步清洗, remove in its in material. if waste plastics has 油污, can use amount concentrated degree alkali water or temperature hot liquid in 浸泡, rear through 搅拌, make waste plastics block （ sheet/slice ） 间 generate scratch and 碰撞, remove material, rear water, dry.
3． machine 械化清洗
is sleeve/set production efficiency relatively high machine 械化清洗 equipment. waste plastics 进入清洗 equipment front, in dry or wet equipment in 进行破碎, drying rear by 吹人一 储 material 仓, again 由螺旋 add material device will material amount to 清洗槽 in. 两 反 toward 旋转 浆叶轴 slow slow material material through 清洗槽, generate 涡流漂洗掉 plastics upper material. material 沉人清洗槽底部, in 槽底按规定 time 间隔清 remove. 经 清洗 dry rear waste material 浮起, 由螺旋输送 device 排出. large separation water by 掉. 螺旋输入 device will material amount drying system. drying system 由旋转 drying device and hot drying device formed. from drying system material material water separation 占1 ％ ～2 ％. dry material by 送入储 material 仓, again this material 仓送往 extrusion pelletizing machine formed pellets material.

三, waste plastics extrusion pelletizing process and equipment
waste plastics in property can upper and new resin is different, this is due to it 们经受 molding processing process hot and 剪切历程, and in use process in hot, oxygen, light, gas and various function, therefore, recycled material force property can, tensile strength and impact property can low resin, crazing surface structure 变化, appearance quality large front, color 发黄, transparent degree decline. various material property can is different. polyolefin material comparison small. due to processing, especially is more processing formed versus for separation quality reduce, can through crosslinked reaction add 以补偿, 因而, processing property 一定程 degree upper can maintain 恒定. 图4 －52 and 图4 －53 说明 this type of function.

styrene copolymer has different, one-time processing process, tensile property can reduce one-time. 如, large 约经 四 processing process, tough property reduce non heavy. but also versus impact modifier use due to crosslinked by reduce, is high impact resistance polystyrene (PS), impact tough property ratio general purpose polystyrene (PS) good. waste plastics property can can through mixed new material or add stabilizer and additives add improvement, add antioxidant, heat stabilized agent, can make waste plastics pelletizing process in decrease/reduce hot, oxygen function generate defect effect/influence. in mixed waste plastics in, also can add compatibilizer, in polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) mixed waste plastics in add 入EP D M or E V A. in waste plastics recycling pelletizing in also can filling modified, in PP waste film in meanwhile add 入10 ％～35 ％ filling material, 3 ％～6 ％ lubricant, 2 ％～4 ％ color masterbatch. filling agent is CaC O 3 made recycled material used for injection products, can has shrink short molding cycle, improvement products rigid property, improve/increase heat deflection temperature (HDT), decrease small shrinkage rate. lubricant improvement melt flow property. engineering plastics recycling utilizing in, can filling, reinforcement and alloy 化. for/regarding easy wet material, 如PA, PET and other, in processing in, water separation formed degradation, make versus for separation quality decrease small, melt viscosity reduce, physical properties decline. processing front remove waste plastics in water separation, separation drying, ensure recycled material quality.

different type type and different waste material, can using/adopting recycling system multiple more 样. 图4 －55 示 is used for 预先切 short film, fiber waste material and type material extrusion pelletizing equipment. and generally extrusion pelletizing production versus ratio, waste plastics recycled extrusion pelletizing equipment in lower has its features.
1． add material
waste plastics products rear material material density relatively small, especially is waste film and fiber material, is ensure this type of material material can 准确 喂 material for melt and pelletizing machine material 充足, can using/adopting add large add material dimensions design 形式, 如图4 －56 示. in （a） is screw add material is 锥形, melt and amount is 圆柱形（b） add material is relatively large 圆柱形, rear is 锥形 渡段, amount is 圆柱形.

当 waste plastics density small 于200g／L using/adopting strong/high made add material, large 于200g／L 则不需 strong/high made add material plant/unit. add large add material design, for/regarding easy material material, 像PP, PA and PET fiber waste material can 令人满意 recycled processing. for/regarding PA, PET can using/adopting add material screw add hot methods improve/increase efficiency, for PP material add material material 筒开槽, for material base/seat separation separation cooling, will large large improvement material and property can. add material material is film, filament and belt/tape 状边角 material, can will add material more large, 以便于 add material.
2．塑炼
for/regarding waste plastics need to recycling material is different melt flow rate, different lubricant formed separation, different filling agent or different type type polymer formed mixed combined material this 样一 事实, therefore, waste plastics 塑炼应足够充 separation, make material material in various separation 均化, quality 均一. generally 说, waste plastics pelletizing process is recycled 而不进行 filling and reinforcement use mono screw extrusion machine, in pelletizing process in also filling, reinforcement and alloy modified processing, using/adopting mixing/compounding 效果良 good di screw extrusion machine. output/production volume 而言, di screw extrusion machine high mono screw extrusion machine.
3．排 gas
large more polyolefin recycled 无需排 gas, wet property polymer, 如PA, PET, gas is 必需. has waste plastics upper 未清洗 dry 净 污染 material can can is easy material, add hot process in generate gas 体. gas ensure melt material material in has relatively long time, high melt temperature degree, strong/high deformation and large melt surface
积, make melt in gas separation 脱出.
4． melt 滤
melt function is waste plastics in 杂质. this 杂质会 make recycled material quality large large decline. 杂质会造 formed film 时 破泡, filament 时 断 filament, injection molding in nozzle 堵塞, most 终导致 products quality decline or full combined 格. 允许 污染程 degree 取决于 most products requirements grade and quality. recycled material use production film, pellets small 于20μm, production 30μm thick film 不至破泡. used for injection molding, dimensions make large 于100μm is can 接受. therefore, fine degree selection must quality requirements or raw materials use. coarse for quality 不利, fine also effect/influence 经济效益. fine remove output/production volume low outer, 且换网 frequency 繁. 否则, formed production rate reduce, can consumption increase. more 换 滤网 time 间隔应 large 于30 min. used for film production recycled plastics pelletizing, use coarse and fine 网; used for injection molding, extrusion pipe/tube, type using/adopting or coarse 滤网. coarse 网, is 指网目距离 is 500μm, filament 直径0．37 m m 滤网; fine is 指网目距离 is 70μm, filament is 0．05 m m 滤网.
5． pellet cutting
due to recycled material is and ratio/proportion new material in processing, if pellets dimensions versus large, 形状不规则, formed new material add material 不均衡, most formed products property can 不均一. therefore, will recycling material using/adopting water cold pellet cutting, to material and dimensions and new material most small, most easy and new material mixed uniform
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