Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

polystyrene (PS)
polystyrene (PS) （PS） is types thermoplastic property plastics raw materials , due to its price low easy processing molding, therefore 以广泛 application. polystyrene (PS) has homopolymer （ transparent material ） or toughened grafting copolymer or and elastomer blending 体（ impact resistant polystyrene (PS) IPS）形式. polystyrene (PS) copolymer in physical properties and thermal properties upper ratio homopolymer has improve/increase. this type polystyrene (PS) has multiple product grade, standards IPS and standards transparent product grade, resistant ring force cracking product grade （ESCR）, resistant outer grade. flame retardant grade, wear resistant grade, made light made parts high property product grade, can foaming product grade, ultra- 初 grade and low volatile content product grade and other. polystyrene (PS) resin used for manufacturing day active in one-time property tool, automotive parts, packaging materials, toys, construction material, electrical appliances and use product and other.
chemical and property can
transparent PS粒 material it is through styrene mono add formed polymerization reaction to 无定形 polymer. color, transparent, optical property can good, has high rigidity. property easy 裂, di tensile rear relatively soft/flexible and has tough property, transparent PS table/sheet property can lower:
density 1．05 g／cm3
tensile strength 48．3MPa．
flexural strength 82．7MPa．
典 type shrinkage rate 0．0045 in/in
thermal expansion coefficient 5?8 X 10-5in／（in?°c）
elongation 2?3％
维卡 soft 化点 225°F
polystyrene (PS) resistant y射线, therefore y线照射灭菌 for products property can has effect/influence. polystyrene (PS) solvent aromatic solvent agent and certain ketone type, can solvent understanding 于甲基乙基 ketone. transparent PS pellets melt scope/range is 1?25 g／10 min or high 于 25 g／10 min. it has heat resistant high product grade （维卡 soft 化点达223°F）, has mono content low product grade.
impact resistant PS it is styrene mono and grafting polymerization formed 无定形 polymer, or is polystyrene (PS) and 橡胶（ usually is poly butadiene 橡胶） material blending material. formed polymer tool has tough property, usually is white （也 has transparent product grade ）, extrusion and molding non easy. it tough property main/primary 决定于橡胶组 separation ratio rate and use amount. therefore, impact resistant PS property can relatively large, generally will its separation formed type: in and other impact strong/high degree grade （悬臂梁 impact strong/high degree ＜ 1．5 ft.lb＝, high impact strong/high degree grade （悬臂梁 impact strong/high degree is 1．5～2．4 ft.lb and ultra-high impact strong/high degree grade （悬臂梁 impact strong/high degree is 2．6?5．0 ft./lb）. impact resistant PS table/sheet property can is: flexural strength and tensile strength is 13．8～48．3MPa（随橡胶 and additives content different different ）; elongation 10? 60％; gloss degree 5一100％. transparent degree from 极佳至 relatively 差, shrinkage rate is 0．006 in／in, thermal expansion coefficient and transparent PS same. impact resistant PS受γ一射线灭菌照射 rear property can 无变化, and transparent PS tool has resistant solvent agent property. impact resistant PS melt is 1～10g/min, soft is 215°F. tool has reinforcement property can impact resistant grade polystyrene (PS) 商业化 production has market outlook/prospects. already has 一 特殊 product grade 包括: ultra- high gloss degree grade, high transparency grade, wear resistant grade, resistant ring force cracking grade （ESCR）, high modulus grade, low gloss grade, mono styrene content low product grade （1500 ppm below/following ）以 and low temperature impact resistant good product grade.
polystyrene (PS) copolymer it tough degree non good. main/primary product types has: styrene propylene copolymer （SAN）, styrene acid copolymer （SMA）, styrene butadiene styrene copolymer （SBS）, styrene and acrylic ester copolymer, and it is modified 体. SAN heat deflection temperature (HDT) ratio transparent PS high, its resistant solvent agent property has 改进, tool has excellent resistant property. modified SAN has propylene butadiene styrene copolymer （ABS） and propylene 睛． styrene acrylic ester copolymer （ASA） and other resin. S－MA heat deflection temperature (HDT) ratio transparent 体PS more high, can 达40°F, it has excellent transparent property and gloss degree. SMA can use modified or using/adopting glass fiber reinforcement. SBS and SBS various modified can as is improvement impact resistant property, flexible and flow property separation used for production tool has viscous property and resistant bending product 如胶泥, shoe sole, 沥青毡 and other, SBS also used for production transparent impact resistant PS. styrene can and acrylic ester elastomer copolymer formed tool has excellent physical properties transparent grade impact resistant PS.
can property polystyrene (PS) （EPS） used for manufacturing from to use insulation hot material and other. foam plastics property can （如 density and impact resistant strong/high degree ）取决于泡孔 large small and distribution, this factors is add foaming agent dispersion rate, separation content and property control, table/sheet property foaming agent is and 异戊烷. flame retardant grade foaming polystyrene (PS) 以卤代烃 as is flame retardant, used as construction material 隔音绝 hot and engineering upper use. can foaming agent SAN already by used for manufacturing products and its it resistant products.
made method
currently manufacturing polystyrene (PS) has types methods. most industrial production methods is use polymerization made transparent PS and use 本体, polymerization made impact resistant PS. styrene mono and and its and other water mixed combined, add surface active property agent, make styrene mono formed is 悬浮状 liquid 滴, most rear polymerization formed hard 珠粒. reaction in add 入引发 agent accelerated and reaction. most rear made formed polystyrene (PS) again extrusion formed is material.
can property polystyrene (PS) made method and upper same, in use method made lubricating process in need add foaming agent （ generally is 戊烷）. impact resistant polystyrene (PS) made method is: will solvent understanding in styrene in, 进行本体 polymerization （ make styrene and PS in low versus 转变点时 reaction, add water and surface active property agent make formed is liquid, add 入弓没 agent reaction, rear for 珠粒进行 drying, extrusion pellet cutting. currently production upper large using/adopting method polymerization, in this production process in, styrene （ made transparent PS粒 material ） or styrene 一橡胶 solvent liquid （ made impact resistant PS） in to most 佳转化 rate front need 经 连续 property reaction, rear remove reaction separation, pelletizing.
processing
currently transparent PS and impact resistant PS more using/adopting 挤塑, hot molding and injection molding and other processing methods. many product using/adopting blow molding and rotational molding molding methods.
挤塑 large separation transparent PS and impact resistant PS using/adopting molding methods, its in large more used for production sheet/slice 材. sheet/slice 材本身 is can 出售, by production 厂自己 use hot molding processing. from construction material to sheet/plate and other multiple type products can use transparent PS and impact resistant PS挤塑 molding. non foaming products molding generally use temperature degree from 380°F（喂 material 段） to 430?460°F（ extrusion 段） 二段式排 gas extrusion machine. new type molding equipment, 如旋转挤塑 machine, already has application.
transparent PS and impact resistant PS tool has water property, therefore in molding front drying. if material temperature degree low, or material in surface belt/tape has water separation, and gas by 堵塞时, that wet gas formed is issues.
共挤塑 this is types development speed processing process, using/adopting this type of processing molding methods can manufacturing 由同一 types or different plastics versus combined combined products. transparent PS层 in upper, impact resistant PS is lower 层 共挤塑 molding products bonding agent bonding. has delamination structure, impact resistant PS upper polyolefin type plastics 共挤塑 products need coating bonding agent bonding.
in hot molding as in, use recycling material ratio rate is 30～ 80％, has plastics can through machine 7次 or more more 次反复进 material, transparent PS and impact resistant PS can by more extrusion, its property can 不发生 significantly decline. if use stability property good plastics, make use amount very small, 也会引起 property can significantly decline.
hot molding usually separation is 4 types as: generally molding, 旋转工位 molding, 串联连续 hot molding and material molding. thick sheet/slice use for add hot add hot, thin sheet/slice use 辐射炉 add hot make soft to molding temperature degree. molding process for sheet/slice quality requirements non high, therefore in process in must 当心.
injection molding currently 说, transparent PS and impact resistant PS is type can made dimensional stability most good. production cycle most short plastics cost comparison low, therefore separation many injection molding products. machine temperature degree generally is 390～500°F. is shrink short production cycle, improvement product quality, tool has ultra- fast injection and speed rate injection molding system already 面世. processing use mold has multiple, hot runner system and various gate design.
foam molding and transparent PS and impact resistant PS进行 foam molding and 挤塑时 need use different foaming agent, 如戊烷, nitrogen gas, chemical foaming agent （CBA） and fluorine and other. additives formed separation according to applications can 达10 types above, can add.
can property polystyrene (PS) molding separation 二段: will polystyrene (PS) material foaming make formed is 预发体. 预发体 usually need 进行熟化, make gas 逐步渗入泡孔并 will in foaming agent and water 置换出. rear will rear foaming 珠粒送至设 has 蒸汽通道 mold inner hot molding, most rear to product. use methods can production thin products （杯于） or 2ft*16ft*4ft foam block, again formed 4ft*8ft *1（ or ＞ 1）in sheet/plate strip/profile, can used for insulation hot. can property polystyrene (PS) density can in small 于1ib／ft3 to large 于 6 lb／ft3 scope/range inner 变化.
application
挤塑 molding is transparent PS and can property PS main/primary processing methods, can manufacturing type parts or sheet/slice 材, product can use, can again hot molding made formed its it product. transparent PS extrusion molding product has lighting 灯漫射罩, 玻璃, or di toward rear manufacturing 点心盘. machine housing/shell transparent and packaging. this product has good transparent degree, transparent PS can foaming manufacturing fast packaging use box/case, 鸡蛋箱, 盘, 碗, and pallet. foam polystyrene (PS) sheet/slice by used as construction material sheet/plate strip/profile and thermal insulation material, can and certain blending manufacturing high transparency degree and impact resistant property good product. is improve/increase sheet/slice and most product gloss, can use 共挤塑 molding methods will transparent PS as cover/cap and impact resistant PS共挤塑. has mono sheet/slice product, can 共挤塑 formed more 达9层 above, Common sheet/slice in 4层 below/following.
挤塑／ hot molding product has one-time property use product, day active and ultra- 市 见 杯, 盘, cover/cap, more applications or mono applications material container, and medical and use tool, packaging materials and many its it use product. using/adopting 共挤塑 molding product property can can to improvement, resistant ring force cracking property （ESCR）, resistant property, table/sheet quality, physical properties and other has improve/increase. polyolefin 覆于PS upper 共挤塑 product already 商业化 production, its resistant ring force cracking property can and water 蒸汽透 rate formed 功 以 improve/increase.
polystyrene (PS) injection molding is application very 广 一 types processing methods. transparent PS and impact resistant PS injection molding used for manufacturing electrical appliances, toys, use product, medical use product, 饮食服务 use product, packaging materials. device table/sheet and office use tool and other. transparent PS can processing molding is office supplies, light 盘存放 box/case, large 口杯, 陈列柜, tool and toys and other, impact resistant PS injection molding product has toys, medical use product, electrical appliances equipment parts and outer housing/shell and other multiple use product. many electrical appliances product using/adopting flame retardant grade impact resistant PS. blow molding and blow molding can production bottle and its it bottle 子, use 保装箱 and decoration material and other.
can property polystyrene (PS) molding products has 杯子, 冰箱, packaging and 漂浮救生 use tool and other. flame retardant grade can foaming polystyrene (PS) most large application areas is as construction material and hot 隔音材 material. can property polystyrene (PS) 预发体 can use manufacturing material filling soft and dispersion filling material.

history upper most comprehensive various type plastics raw materials material property application Knowledge 2
 

poly chlorine ethylene （PVDC）
偏 chlorine ethylene homopolymer and copolymer upper is resin, its polymer is chlorine ethylene （VDC） and chlorine ethylene, acrylic ester or propylene copolymer. copolymer mono selection for/regarding copolymer property effect/influence very large, copolymer 形态应 according to melt processing, solvent liquid coating 敷, dispersion coating and other processing methods 确定.
VDC polymer and copolymer significantly features is gas, liquid low property, retardant property and chemical resistant features.
chemical and property 质
VDC mono can emulsion method or method copolymer combined. emulsion polymer can 直接做 is application, can 经凝结, water, drying rear made formed resin solvent liquid coating or melt processing application.
VDC homopolymer melting point 约388至401°F, in 410°F时开始迅 speed separation understanding, difficult processing. copolymer mono can reduce resin melting point 至284至347°F, easy melt processing.
general purpose type formulation and injection molding type copolymer has 2至10％ increase agent, 如癸二 acid ester or adipic acid 二异丁 ester. high degree retardant property can formulation resin very less or full has increase agent, has 0．5至1．0％ stabilizer, material and color as color agent, add outer light stabilizer can make resin in outer application.
73°F时, its oxygen property is: 0．033至1．0（ cm ）3／密耳100（英寸）2／天／ large gas pressure, 且不受 wet degree effect/influence; 透CO2 property can relatively low: 约0．1至2．4cc／mil／100 sq．in．／day／atm.. for many has machine solvent agent property non low, positive 己烷 透 rate has 10-3至10-4克／密耳／100（英寸）2／天; in temperature degree 100°F, versus for wet degree 90％ conditions lower, water 蒸汽传递 speed rate is 0．021至 0．5克／密耳／100（英寸）2／天.
separation grade and 形态
used for food, can melt processing resin product grade has type, 共挤塑 type and is meet/satisfy packaging demand processing 者自行确定 formulation combined type resin. it 们包括 shrinkage type soft packaging, shrinkage type soft packaging and rigid property hard packaging and other. other product grade used for and melt bonding, upper supply Monofilament grade resin has formulation type and non formulation types.
resin separation and powder 末状两 types. used for 模塑, 挤塑, combined resin, average particle size in 150至280 micron between; bonding use resin average particle size in 15至25 micron between. has types product grade already formulation good material, can used for or 共挤塑.
also has types plastics or 纸做基底材 material, used as property coating or hot coating water dilute property 胶乳, used as transparent coating use solvent agent type resin, supply is dry agent.
processing
熔 melt processing type VDC copolymer can used for injection molding, 挤塑, blow molding, 共挤塑 processing formed film formed sheet/slice and cold 辊平挤 and other processing 形式. low melt strong/high degree has 碍常规 mono film melt gas processing molding, film blow molding, blow molding. however, soft tube/pipe can 经 骤 cold, again add hot, tensile rear, can cold 吹.
processing process in, 应维持 melt temperature degree low 于400°F, anti polymer separation understanding. for/regarding processing equipment especially and hot polymer versus 接触 部位应 using/adopting corrosion resistant alloy, especially is alloy or high 镍钢; equipment type 化以便 shrink short polymer in equipment inner time, 并应避免 polymer material. heavy metal, iron, copper, zinc 会引起 resin catalytic separation understanding, 应避免 using/adopting. as is type type polymer, melt VDC copolymer and other belt/tape 卤族原子 polymer, 如PVC and chlorine polyethylene (PE) 一样, tool has function.
application
莎纶 resin can made formed mono film, more film, sheet/slice material and coating, used for food packaging, 以隔绝 outer wet gas and certain gas 体, maintain food 风味, odor. food separation. high degree retardant property copolymer can hot processing molding rigid property packaging container, used for packaging property material or use 以隔绝 outer gas and wet gas, molding 一灌装一封口 packaging and plastics 罐封装.
一 mono film use use packaging film, industrial use mono film usually combined application, mono agent amount product 封装, product packaging and food packaging and other.
含 has retardant more composite/compounding film, use packaging 鲜肉, 熟肉, 奶酪以 and products and other.

polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
electrical understanding salt water provide and other amount chlorine and alkali, rear chlorine and ethylene reaction formed chlorine 乙烷, 转而脱 chlorine hydrogen formed chlorine ethylene mono 体.
currently, more chlorine ethylene is oxygen chlorine process process production, chlorine ethylene in usually ring conditions lower is gas 体, in pressure lower is color transparent liquid 体.
manufacturing
currently PVC resin production can force 111 100 million 磅, large separation is homopolymer and a small amount of copolymer. 约占总 amount 90％ is 由悬浮 method 生一, its is polymerization and emulsion method made 备, has separation resin. a small amount of solvent liquid copolymer also 未包括 in 里面.
this product 广泛潜 in application scope, is in polymerization process in, add a small amount of polymerization additives, from effect/influence resin pellets structure and property can. in method production resin in, add dry water solvent property high poly material used as dispersant or dispersant, emulsion resin using/adopting surface active property agent combined material.
its it general purpose additives has combined agent, antioxidant, agent, or simple alkali. Domestic resin 预期会 has degree growth, future will in very large degree upper 依赖于经济 development cycle and force amount.
has use PVC都 is add formed polymerization reaction production. polymerization process in, agent separation separation understanding formed 自由基．并 and 周围 绿 ethylene mono 体一起形 formed active property in 心. reaction lower to 链终止. in types conditions lower, mono PVC separation formed growth need formed 转移 需 time very small separation. this reaction is catalytic reaction, to high poly material molecular weight and agent concentrated degree and 链转移 程 degree 无关. due to reaction process is in and other temperature conditions lower 进行, formed narrow molecular weight distribution （MWD is very type. in this type of reaction in, in separation 子 平均数估计 is in 950（ polymerization temperature degree is 122°F） and 480（ polymerization temperature degree is 158°F） between.
polymerization reaction formed 时, high poly material separation main/primary 按头一尾顺序排列. high poly material is separation crystallization （间规）, temperature degree rise high, structure random property in increase. 约 60％ high poly material separation 子会存 in saturated and 链端, this main/primary 取决于链终止 methods, meanwhile function can can in 4％ 链 separation in. upper this factors for resin heat stabilized property generate very large effect/influence, reaction temperature degree rise high 时, this factors is and 链转移 ratio growth need more high has 关.
need especially attention/notes is, hard 质PVC首先 in 里近212°F处发生 hot separation understanding, this main/primary 取决于 molecular weight and add hot conditions. in 释放出 chlorine hydrogen 时, resin will color, 变脆, most rear crosslinked is property material 质. resin color is due to hot property can and chlorine 原子 形 formed, separation fracture, from 而引起 more structure formed generate.
can use stabilizer improvement mixed material and most products heat stabilized property, dry material can used as stabilizer metal has machine combined material, metal salt and metal 皂）. resistant oxidation agent, 自由基抑 made agent.
can and main/primary stabilizer 起协同 function stabilizer 同样也 is has 效. another physical properties 方面, PVC 玻璃化 temperature degree （Tg） can is 5链段开始 active temperature degree, hard PVC resin Tg generally is is 180°F.
随 increase agent increase, Tg value in reduce. although hot in increase system in is amount, due to heat stabilized property causes, this type of resin melting point is can 直接测 amount.
因 is PVC high poly material and has scope/range increase tool has versus mixed solvent property, in resin in 经常添 add agent, its use amount can from non low water to very water 平, therefore PVC can made various product. this combined material reduce separation 子间 束 force, make product more soft/flexible.
increase agent usually separation is increase agent, increase agent or increase amount agent, main/primary 取决于 and high poly material versus property water 平, versus ratio rate is 1: 1称 is increase agent, increase agent versus ratio rate in 1: 3以 inner.
this material 渗出倾 toward relatively small, property relatively low. many increase agent is can resistant degradation, easy 燃, in chemical upper is inert property.
market
PVC and increase agent, stabilizer and its it additives mixed combined amount very large, make it formed is in in plastics in application most 广泛 一 types. value attention/notes is PVC manufacturing product can from thick pressure tube/pipe to thin, transparent food packaging materials, or from 房屋壁 sheet/plate to outer use sleeve/set and other.
in 1990 year, has low density PE sales amount ultra- PVC, to 1992 year PVC就 reduce to high density PE之 rear 处于第三 位置. in versus long 时期, PVC development also more slow. pipe/tube, pipeline, 房屋壁 sheet/plate and type 材约占 PVC demand amount 60％, packaging materials. electrical device and active product 各占总 amount 5-6％. in 5 year 间, large amount pipe/tube and pipeline year growth rate ultra- 2％ speed degree growth, meanwhile 房屋壁 sheet/plate year growth rate is 8％, construction and construction use product growth rate 预期会 ultra- 1993 and 1994 year water 平.
although has various 各样 辅助 equipment, 但几乎 PVC总 amount 85％ is in types basic processing equipment upper processing molding. most a large amount of processing is in extrusion machine upper 进行, its is calendering machine and injection molding machine. however, year in, injection molding product in obvious growth, is 人们关注 is in new type low pressure equipment upper has production precision parts.
new type and modified product 一直受 to attention/notes, due to and causes, 也许花费 large separation development use. 人们感兴趣 一 方面 is 不断努 force improve/increase pipe/tube resin density, 但并不 increase chlorine ethylene mono 体 残留 amount or resin production cost.
extrusion type formed film grade resin in versus 似 情况 is this type of resin pellets 孔隙也 can has absorption increase agent, can use more good pressure 实系数（体 density and true density ratio ） improve/increase extrusion output/production volume.
in low molecular weight resin in, pellets internal degree is key/critical factors, is food and material tube/pipe positive in research for and food contact material 提出允许 most low mono 体残留 amount standards can property.
继续关注 另一方面 is reduce resin color and long time hot heat stabilized property, this for packaging and application is non important. 悬浮, dispersion and chlorine 化PVC resin in rear in also need detailed discussion.

polyurethane ester thermoplastic property elastomer （ polyurethane ester TPEs）
thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) its price and property can 而言, in TPE series in has relatively large advantages. thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) （TPUS） tool has very wide tough property, its generally application 越 越广泛. it make in low temperature conditions lower has relatively high flexible, tool has very high wear resistance can. this elastomer also has very good viscous features.