Shanghai Daoqin Plastics Co., Ltd.

抛开 complex force parameters, fracture elongation most 直观 体现就 is: 材 material in by 拉断之 front can long how much . for/regarding PVC而言, this value can from hard 质 5%一直 to soft 质 400% above, 变化幅 degree large!

想象一 lower, PVC that chlorine and carbon 原子交替组 formed 主链, rigid property low, true positive it can 否“伸 开”, is below/following large micro factors:

1. separation flexible and active can force

·  if PVC separation between has strong/high function force, 链段本身 tool has inner can force, upper can 伸展.

· 但 pure PVC due to property chlorine 原子 存 in, function force strong/high, active can force 差, 天生脆 property large, fracture elongation low .

2. increase agent “ lubricated 效应”

·  add increase agent （如DOTP, DOA and other ） rear, this small separation 子如同“ separation lubricated 油”, 插入PVC链 between, 削 low function force, 撑开自由体积.

· 链段 therefore more easy in outer force function lower 伸展, slip 移, fracture elongation large improves , material from hard is soft tough.

3. molecular weight and crosslinked structure

·  molecular weight high, long, 链间缠结越 more, tensile can more large deformation 而不立即 fracture.

· 但 if degree crosslinked （如 certain CPVC or heat stabilized type PVC）, active by 锁定, elongation 会急剧 decline .

✅  high fracture elongation （ soft 质PVC）:

·  macro performance : soft/flexible, resistant 弯折, absorption impact can amount strong/high

·  application type : soft tube/pipe, cable jacket, gas toys, anti water 卷材

·  micro understanding 释: can in outer force lower orientation, 伸展, can amount through 链段运动 consumption dispersion, easy in fracture

❌  low fracture elongation （ hard 质PVC）:

·  macro performance : rigid property high, dimensions stability, property large

·  application type : water tube/pipe, frame, sheet/plate 材, building materials

·  micro understanding 释: active 动受限, outer force method through 链段运动缓冲, force in fast speed fracture

1. 精准调控PVC fracture elongation large 杠杆

core 思路: fracture elongation main/primary separation 子链段 运动 can force 决定. 链段越容 easy 运动, material flexibility, fracture elongation high .

杠杆一: increase agent —— most has 效 “开关”

increase agent is small separation 子, 插入PVC large separation between, low function force, 充当“ lubricant ”, make more easy 运动.

· 想 need high fracture elongation （做 soft products ）:

· 动 as : increase increase agent use amount.

·  recommendation : use environmental protection increase agent.

·  attention/notes : add amount can 达60-80 phr（每百份 resin 份数）.

· 想 need low fracture elongation （做 hard products ）:

· 动 as : decrease/reduce or add increase agent.

·  recommendation : use has machine stabilizer and other increase function stability system.

· 想 need property high elongation （ resistant 迁移, resistant 挥发）:

· 动 as : use polymer type increase agent （如 polyester increase agent ） or reaction property increase agent （如 ring oxygen large 豆油-ESO）.

· 亮点: it molecular weight large or can combined in upper, easy 渗出, can long maintain flexibility property. combined automotive, medical and other high field/area.

杠杆二: filler —— 经济实 use “刹车”

filler （如 carbon acid 钙） is rigid property pellets, retardant separation 子链 运动, can can formed is force in 点.

· 想 need reduce fracture elongation （并 reduce cost, increase rigid property ）:

· 动 as : increase filler use amount .

·  recommendation : use light or nano carbon acid 钙.

·  attention/notes : add amount ultra- 20-30 phr rear, fracture elongation 会急剧 decline . in cost and property can 间权衡.

· 想 need maintain relatively high fracture elongation:

· 动 as : control filler use amount （ usually <10 phr）, selection surface coupling agent 处理 filler, improvement and PVC versus property, decrease/reduce for tough property negative effect/influence.

杠杆三: processing process —— stability property can “保障”

processing temperature degree and cooling process separation 子链 形态 and internal force.

· 想 need stability most excellent fracture elongation:

· 动 as : ensure 塑化完 full . processing temperature degree need high （ usually 170-190°C）, make PVC resin pellets full melt, increase agent uniform dispersion.

· 塑化 defect : products internal has 未塑化 “生 material ”, formed is low 点, fracture elongation low unstable.

· 动 as : control cooling speed degree . for/regarding hard products, slow cooling has decrease/reduce internal stress, 避免因应 force in 而导致脆 property fracture.

2. from separation structure improvement types key/critical methods

methods 一: blending elastomer: 引入“ tough property 伙伴”

this is most 经典, most high toughened methods, 俗称“ alloy 化”. its core is will PVC and types high toughness polymer material blending.

· how 做: in mixed material 时, add 入一定 ratio/proportion elastomer.

· recommendation selection :

· CPE (chlorine polyethylene (PE)): most commonly used, versus property good, toughened significantly, also can improve/increase flame retardant property.

· ACR (acrylic ester type impact modifier): toughened efficiency high, for transparent property effect/influence small, used for transparent products.

· NBR (丁腈橡胶): and PVC versus property 极佳, can meanwhile large improves tough property and wear resistance.

· 效果: this elastomer pellets as is “ can amount absorption in 心”, can has 效 终止, and consumption outer force generate micro cracks, from make material in fracture front can more large property deformation. usually add 5-15份就 can let fracture elongation 翻倍甚至数倍 growth.

methods 二: copolymer modified: from separation upper “植入” flexible

this type of methods is in processing mixed combined, is in PVC combined formed stage/phase through chemical reaction its separation structure.

· how 做: in chlorine ethylene （VC） polymerization 时, 引入第二 types flexible mono 体进行 copolymer.

· recommendation selection :

· ethylene -醋 acid ethylene ester （EVA）: formed EVA-VC copolymer, flexibility property non good.

· acrylic ester type mono 体（如 acrylic ester ）: formed inner increase resin, flexible formed is separation 子主链 一部 separation.

· 效果: this type of methods is from upper reduce polymer rigid property, flexible mono mono versus in hard PVC链 in 嵌入 “关节”, make separation 子链本身 more easy and 运动. this to resin fracture elongation very high, has small separation increase agent 迁移析出 风险.

methods 三: add additives: use “专 tough property additives ”

remove general purpose elastomer, also has 一 专门 design use improves tough property additives.

· how 做: add impact modifier （Impact Modifier） or MBS resin or combined reaction type composite/compounding toughened agent.

· MBS（ methacrylic acid ester - butadiene - styrene copolymer ）: it is types housing/shell structure polymer, inner is flexible butadiene 橡胶球, outer housing/shell is and PVC versus property good hard housing/shell.

· 荣佳改质 agent is types combined reaction type composite/compounding toughened agent : has formed separation is di grafting material / has machine elastomer / coupling agent and other, tool has high temperature resistance, tough property good, tensile strength high, impact resistant property can high, improvement resistant property, versus melt property good, weather resistance high and other excellent property can.

it can good dispersion in PVC in, in to impact through deformation and 诱发剪切 belt/tape absorption can amount, in significantly improve/increase impact strong/high degree meanwhile, large improves fracture elongation , especially suitable for transparent products.

methods 四: optimization structure: control “ resin pellets ”

this is 一 容 easy by overlook very important 点. PVC resin pellets 形态（孔隙 rate, surface 积）决定 it absorption increase agent speed degree and uniform property.

· how 做: selection high rate “手 sleeve/set type ” resin .

· 效果:   this type of resin sponge 一样, can more fast, more uniform absorption increase agent, formed 均质 塑化 melt. 塑化越 uniform, internal defect less, material force property can （包括 fracture elongation ）就越 stability, excellent 越. 反之, if 塑化不均, internal in 未塑化 “生 material ”, formed is force thin low 点, 导致提 front fracture.

我们反复 adjustment increase agent ratio/proportion, optimization process, selection combined resin Model/Grade —— very more 时候就 is in and “ fracture elongation ” this 看不见 tough property for 话.

production in more issues —— soft tube/pipe easy 裂, sheet/plate 安装时脆断, low temperature lower products 失效——追根溯源, 往往都 and fracture elongation 未达预期密切 related .

lower 次当你面 for PVC formulation or products property can issues 时, more 问一句:

“ it fracture elongation, to in what water 平? is 否匹配实际 use 场景? ”

看清 this “链段伸展 魔 method degree ”, 你就拿 to understanding PVC tough property and resistant property 金钥匙.